일본 ODA의 민관협업 체계에 관한 연구

Abstract

Through the analysis of the history, institutions and recently published literature and major policy documents of Japan, this paper aims to find out how Japan actually recognizes foreign aid, how this perception has evolved, especially how it links ODA, which is referred to as development cooperation, to economic cooperation projects with recipient countries. To this end, we examine Japan’s ODA-related policies and laws, systems and promotion systems to explain the process of Japan’s ODA policy transformation in terms of coordination of development cooperation and economic cooperation, and analyze the mechanisms used to encourage effective participation by the private sector through case-in-depth analysis and how these mechanisms actually work. Through this, the paper confirmed that since World War II, Japan has continuously taken a strategy to link its economic cooperation with development cooperation, and later put forward humanitarian purposes with the introduction of the concept of human security in the 1990s and 2000s, but it has again returned to the aid policy considering previous economic and national interests since 2010 as the Japanese economy entered a prolonged recession. In the process, the Japanese government set up a strategy and promotion system to systematically link its development cooperation, or ODA funds, with Japanese companies’ exploration and advance into overseas markets, in which Japan publicly declared its policy of linking development cooperation with economic cooperation and equipped with necessary policy documents and organizational systems. The low level of civic group’s resistance to Japan government ODA strategy is attributable that Japan civil society got used to link ODA with economic interests since World War II, and the government’s ability to form a consensus on this stance as the country entered a long-term economic recession in the 2000s.