Representation of English loanwords in Korean orthography: gemination and vowel insertion
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초록
This paper investigates how native speakers of English convert English words into the Korean spelling system. According to the Korean government regulations concerning Hangeul transcription of loanwords, English consonants are modified with strategies such as vowel insertion, neutralization and gemination when they are not associated in the Korean syllable structure. Data were collected from 46 English speakers and 43 Korean speakers as to what strategies are used to modify the sequence to conform to the borrowing language. The data were analyzed in terms of perceptual mapping between English and Korean. The findings are: First, English speakers do not use gemination as much as Korean speakers due to a high-ranking No-Gem in English. Second, they tend to geminate intervocalic /l/ than /l/ in a sequence of consonant and /l/, which can be attributed to the duration effect of /l/ in a different position. Third, English speakers tend to insert a vowel between /t/ and obstruents, where Korean speakers do not. Fourth, Korean word-medial stops and sonorants, vowel insertion did not occur as expected. Finally, English speakers also show additional tendency for more insertions after a voiceless coda stop, when preceded by a tense vowel than a lax vowel. This implies that English speakers also consider perceptual similarity in representing English sounds in Korean. This study provides evidence for the universal tendency and constraint rankings that are not available by looking only at the source language or borrowing language. Moreover, some amendments to Korean orthography rules for loanwords are suggested.
Abstract
This paper investigates how native speakers of English convert English words into the Korean spelling system. According to the Korean government regulations concerning Hangeul transcription of loanwords, English consonants are modified with strategies such as vowel insertion, neutralization and gemination when they are not associated in the Korean syllable structure. Data were collected from 46 English speakers and 43 Korean speakers as to what strategies are used to modify the sequence to conform to the borrowing language. The data were analyzed in terms of perceptual mapping between English and Korean. The findings are: First, English speakers do not use gemination as much as Korean speakers due to a high-ranking No-Gem in English. Second, they tend to geminate intervocalic /l/ than /l/ in a sequence of consonant and /l/, which can be attributed to the duration effect of /l/ in a different position. Third, English speakers tend to insert a vowel between /t/ and obstruents, where Korean speakers do not. Fourth, Korean word-medial stops and sonorants, vowel insertion did not occur as expected. Finally, English speakers also show additional tendency for more insertions after a voiceless coda stop, when preceded by a tense vowel than a lax vowel. This implies that English speakers also consider perceptual similarity in representing English sounds in Korean. This study provides evidence for the universal tendency and constraint rankings that are not available by looking only at the source language or borrowing language. Moreover, some amendments to Korean orthography rules for loanwords are suggested.
참고문헌 (37)
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