중국인 화자가 발화한 한국어 파열음의 음향음성학적 특성

Abstract

This study generally analyses the pronunciation of Korean stops for Chinese speakers, comparing with Korean native speakers，in terms of acoustic and phonetic characteristics. Aiming at the reasons why Chinese speakers mispronounced Korean stops, this research creates an experimental comparison of stops located at two different positions in Korean words, word-initial and word-medial positions, produced by Chinese speakers and Korean native speakers respectively. The parameters used in this experiment, including the voice onset time for frication at both the word-initial and word-medial positions, starting pitch value of stops-following vowels, and closure duration in the word-medial position, are measured and computed by PRAAT. Statistically speaking, as the experiment is running between 66 Chinese speakers and 18 Korean native speakers, we can draw a relatively accurate conclusion: with all the stops that Chinese speakers produced, in terms of acoustic and phonetic features, the fortis /ㄲ, ㅃ, ㄸ/ are similar with those which phonated by Korean native speakers, however lax consonants /ㄱ, ㅂ, ㄷ/ and aspiration /ㅋ, ㅍ, ㅌ/ are not. To illustrate this observation, we figured that, in order to distinguish the difference between lax consonants and aspiration, Chinese speakers deliberately pronounce the lax consonants /ㄱ, ㅂ, ㄷ/ in a higher pitch value (even as high as the pitch value of aspiration pronounced by Korean native speakers). In addition, the starting pitch value of the vowel after /ㅂ, ㅃ, ㅍ/ is lower the rather that after /ㄱ, ㄲ, ㅋ/, /ㄷ, ㄸ, ㅌ/, thus we assume that Chinese speakers would mispronounce /ㅂ, ㅃ, ㅍ/ more. Based on the fact being discovered in the experiment, we figured that the mispronouncing phenomenon that we mentioned earlier accounts for the difference between Chinese and Korean phonological system. Generally speaking, there are two distinctive consonants instead of three in Mandarin stops system, therefore, most Chinese speakers tend to be more sensitive to the existence of aspirations, which leads to the mispronouncing.