The underlying representation of tense consonants in Korean revisited: A government approach
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The issue of the underlying representation of tense consonants in Korean is highly controversial. Two competing proposals have been put forward, i.e. the singleton and the geminate hypothesis. The former regards a tense consonant as a singleton underlyingly, while in the latter a tense consonant is lexically specified as a geminate lax obstruents. This paper argues against the geminate hypothesis on the basis of the phonotactic constraints on coda-onset clusters in Korean, including geminates. We investigate whether or not a geminate lax obstruent is phonotactically well-formed in Korean. On the basis of the assumption that a geminate is syllabified as a doubly-linked coda-onset cluster, this paper explores the distribution of [ɨ] in Korean, since this vowel plays a crucial role in determining the well-formedness of internal coda-onset clusters. The absence of this vowel between certain consonants indicates that the sequences of liquid-nasal and liquid-lax obstruent are well-formed coda-onset clusters. When the order of sequences is reversed, however, the vowel [ɨ] is present. The geminate hypothesis incorrectly predicts that the vowel [ɨ] is absent in (identical) two lax obstruent sequences. The examples, such as [tɨtiə] ‘at last’, show that this vowel does occur between two lax obstruents. This suggests that these clusters are not well-formed. Therefore, the presence of [ɨ] in this position significantly undermines the geminate hypothesis. We conclude that a tense consonant is underlyingly represented as a singleton.
Abstract
The issue of the underlying representation of tense consonants in Korean is highly controversial. Two competing proposals have been put forward, i.e. the singleton and the geminate hypothesis. The former regards a tense consonant as a singleton underlyingly, while in the latter a tense consonant is lexically specified as a geminate lax obstruents. This paper argues against the geminate hypothesis on the basis of the phonotactic constraints on coda-onset clusters in Korean, including geminates. We investigate whether or not a geminate lax obstruent is phonotactically well-formed in Korean. On the basis of the assumption that a geminate is syllabified as a doubly-linked coda-onset cluster, this paper explores the distribution of [ɨ] in Korean, since this vowel plays a crucial role in determining the well-formedness of internal coda-onset clusters. The absence of this vowel between certain consonants indicates that the sequences of liquid-nasal and liquid-lax obstruent are well-formed coda-onset clusters. When the order of sequences is reversed, however, the vowel [ɨ] is present. The geminate hypothesis incorrectly predicts that the vowel [ɨ] is absent in (identical) two lax obstruent sequences. The examples, such as [tɨtiə] ‘at last’, show that this vowel does occur between two lax obstruents. This suggests that these clusters are not well-formed. Therefore, the presence of [ɨ] in this position significantly undermines the geminate hypothesis. We conclude that a tense consonant is underlyingly represented as a singleton.
참고문헌 (44)
- AHN, SANG-CHEOL, "The Interplay of Phonology and Morphology in Korean", 박사, pp.1985
- AHN, SANG-CHEOL, "Dimensions in Korean laryngeal phonology", Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 13, pp.345~379 (2004)
- AVERY, PETER, "Laryngeal dimensions, completion and enhancement, In Distinctive Feature Theory", pp.41~70 (2001), Mouton de Gruyter
- CHARETTE, MONIK, "Conditions on Phonological Government" (1991), Cambridge
- CHO, YOUNG-MEE YU, "Post-obstruent tensification in Korean and geminate inalterability, In Theoretical Issues in Korean Linguistics", pp.44~60 (1994), CSLI, Stanford University
- CHO, YOUNG-MEE YU, "Korean phonology in the late twentieth century", Language Research, 33(4), pp.687~735 (1997)
- CLEMENTS, GEORGE N., "The geometry of phonological features", Phonology Yearbook, 2, pp.225~252 (1985)
- DAVIS, STUART, "On the representation of initial geminates", Phonology, 16, pp.93~104 (1999)
- DAVIS, STUART, "Korean partial reduplication reconsidered", Lingua, 99, pp.85~105 (1996)
- HAN, JEONG-IM, "On the Korean tensed consonants and tensification", Chicago Linguistic Society, 28, pp.206~223 (1992)
- HAN, JEONG-IM, "The Phonetics and Phonology of “Tense” and “Plain” Consonants in Korean", 박사, pp.1996
- HARRIS, JOHN, "Segmental complexity and phonological government", Phonology, 7, pp.255~300 (1990)
- HARRIS, JOHN, "English Sound Structure" (1994), Blackwell
- HARRIS, JOHN, "Final codas: why the west was wrong, In Structure and Interpretation: Studies in Phonology", pp.139~162 (1998), Wydawnictwo
- HAYES, BRUCE, "Inalterability in CV Phonology", Language, 62, pp.321~352 (1986)
- HEO, YONG, "Empty Category and Korean Phonology", 박사, pp.1995
- HUME, ELIZABETH, "Non-moraic geminates in Leti", Phonology, 14, pp.371~402 (1997)
- JUN, JONGHO, "Metrical weight consistency in Korean partial reduplication", Phonology, 11, pp.69~88 (1994)
- KAYE, JONATHAN, "‘Coda’ licensing", Phonology, 7, pp.301~330 (1990)
- KAYE, JONATHAN, "Derivations and interfaces, In Frontiers of Phonology: Atoms, Structures, Derivations", pp.289~332 (1995), Longman
- KAYE, JONATHAN, "The internal structure of phonological elements: a theory of charm and government", Phonology Yearbook, 2, pp.305~328 (1985)
- KAYE, JONATHAN, "Constituent structure and government in phonology", Phonology, 7, pp.193~232 (1990)
- Marc van Oostendorp, "The representation of the three-way laryngeal contrast in Korean, In The Internal Organization of Phonological Segments", pp.287~316 (2005), Mouton de Gruyter
- KIM, JONG-MI, "Phonology and Syntax of Korean Morphology", 박사, pp.1986
- KIM, SUN-HEE, "Phonologie des Consonnes en Coreen", 박사, pp.1990
- KIM-RENAUD, YOUNG-KEY, "Korean Consonantal Phonology", 박사, pp.1974
- LEE, HYUN BOK, "Sewulmaluy litumkwa ekyang (Rhythm and intonation in Seoul speech)", Language Research, 10(2), pp.15~25 (1974)
- MARTIN, SAMUEL E., "Korean phonemics", Language, 27(4), pp.519~533 (1951)
- MCCARTHY, JOHN, "OCP effects: Gemination and antigemination", Linguistic Inquiry, 17, pp.207~263 (1986)
- MCCARTHY, JOHN, "Prosodic morphology I: Constraint interaction and satisfaction", 석사, pp.1993
- OH, MIRA, "Obstruent geminates in Korean", Journal of Korean Linguistics, 25(3), pp.433~453 (2000)
- OH, MIRA, "The phonological representation of Korean tense consonants", Journal of Korean Linguistics, 22(2), pp.331~349 (1997)
- PLOCH, STEFAN, "Nasals in My Mind", 박사, pp.1999
- RHEE, SANG JIK, "Empty Nuclei in Korean", 박사, pp.2002
- RHEE, SANG JIK, "Segmental complexity revisited: A unified account of tensification in Korean", Leiden Linguistic Papers, 2(4), pp.125~147 (2005)
- 이상직, "파열음 폐쇄구간과 국어 경음의 기저구조", 언어연구, 23(2), pp.296~286 (2007), 한국현대언어학회
- REHG, KENNETH L., "Ponapean Reference Grammar" (1981), University of Hawaii Press
- SCHEIN, BARRY, "On geminates", Linguistic Inquiry, 17(4), pp.691~744 (1986)
- SELKIRK, ELIZABETH, "Phonology and Syntax: The Relation between Sound and Structure" (1984), MIT Press
- SILVA, DAVID J., "The Phonetics and Phonology of Stop Lenition in Korean", 박사, pp.1992
- SOHN, HYANG-SOOK, "Underspecification in Korean Phonology", 박사, pp.1987
- TAK, JIN-YOUNG, "A reanalysis of Korean tense consonants", Chicago Linguistic Society, 30, pp.405~417 (1994)
- YU, JAE WON, "Hyentaykwukkeuy aksyentu kyuchikey taehan yenkwu (A study on accent placement rules in Modern Korean)", Sengkoknonchong, 19, pp.293~322 (1988)
- YU, JAE WON, "Hyentaykwukkeuy toynsoliwa kesyensoliey taehan yenkwu (A study on Korean glottalised tense sounds and aspirates)", Hangeul, 203, pp.25~48 (1989)