쓴메밀 및 단메밀 에탄올 추출물의 항산화 및 지방세포 분화억제 효과
Antioxidant and Anti-Adipogenic Effects of Ethanolic Extracts from Tartary and Common Buckwheats
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초록
쓴메밀은 전 세계적으로 널리 재배되고 있으며 곡식용, 새싹채소, 엽채 등 다양한 형태로 이용되는 작물로서 단메밀보다 루틴함량이 높다. 본 연구는 쓴메밀과 단메밀 80% 에탄올 추출물의 총 페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량, 항산화 활성 및 지방세포 분화억제 효과를 평가하였다. 총 페놀 함량과 폴리페놀 함량 모두 쓴메밀 에탄올 추출물에서 단메밀 에탄올 추출물보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능, ABTS 라디칼 소거능 및 환원력과 같은 항산화 활성은 쓴메밀 에탄올 추출물이 단메밀 에탄올 추출물에 비하여 높게 나타났다. 3T3-L1의 분화과정 중의 쓴메밀 추출물들은 50, 100, 200 및 400 μg/mL에서 세포에 독성 보이지 않았으며, 세포 내 지방의 축적량을 유의적을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 지방 세포 분화에 관련된 유전자인 PPARγ와 aP2의 mRNA 발현율도 쓴메밀 에탄올 추출물에 의해 유의적으로 감소하였고, ROS 생성과 관련된 유전자인 G6PDH 및 NOX4 mRNA 발현도 쓴메밀 에탄올 추출물에서 유의적으로 감소하였다. 이러한 결과들로 볼 때, 쓴메밀은 강력한 항산화 활성을 갖으며, 이들 항산화 활성은 지방세포 분화억제 효과와 밀접한 관계를 갖는 것으로 사료되었다.
Abstract
In this study, 80% ethanolic extracts of tartary and common buckwheats were assessed for their total phenol content, total flavonoids content, antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power), and anti-adipogenic effects. Our results show that total phenol contents of 80% ethanolic extract from tartary and common buckwheats were 17.35±0.41 and 8.20±0.28 μg GAE/g, respectively. Antioxidant activities of 80% ethanolic extract from tartary buckwheat were significantly higher than that of common buckwheat extract (p<0.05). During adipocyte differentiation, 80% ethanolic extracts of tartary and common buckwheat significantly inhibited lipid accumulation compared to control cells. We further evaluated the effect of buckwheat extracts on the changes of key gene expression associated with 3T3-L1 adipogenesis and ROS production. Tartary buckwheat extract was more suppressed the mRNA expressions (PPARγ and aP2) than that of common buckwheat extract. Moreover, tartary buckwheat inhibited the mRNA expression of both NOX4 (NADPH oxidase 4) and G6PDH (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase). These results indicate that anti-adipogenesis effect of tartary buckwheat can be attributed to phenolic compound that may potentially inhibit ROS production.
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