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새싹인삼 함유 콤부차의 영양성분 및 생리활성

Nutritional components and physiological activities of kombucha containing ginseng sprouts

이가영|조계만|주옥수|이희율
한국식품저장유통학회 (The Korean Society of Food Preservation)|2024.08|Food Science and Preservation|제31권 제4호|pp. 645-659|DOI 10.11002/fsp.2024.31.4.645

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fermentationantioxidantkombuchaginseng sprouts
주제분류식품과학

초록

본 연구에서는 콤부차에 적합한 새싹인삼 함량을 확인하기 위해 이화학적 특징, 대사산물, 수용성 phenolics, 수용성 flavonoids, ginsenosides, phenolic acids, flavonols 함량 및 항산화 활성을 분석하였다. 콤부차(CT), 딸기 콤부차(ST) 및 새싹인삼 딸기 콤부차(ST+GS)의 유리 아미노산 총 함량은 ST+ GS(273.38 mg/100 mL)가 CT(18.9 mg/100 mL), ST (84.9 mg/100 mL)보다 약 3.2-14.5배 높았다. 무기질 총 함량은 ST+ GS(63.99 mg/100 mL)가 CT(15.45 mg/100 mL), ST(19.28 mg/100 mL)보다 약 3.3-4.1배 높았다. 수용성 phenolics는 1.2 mg GAE/mL로 각각 1.9배와 1.8배가량 높았으며, 수용성 flavonoids 또한 0.14 mg RE/mL로 7배와 4.7배가량 높았다. 진세노사이드의 경우 CT와 ST에서는 검출되지 않았으나 ST+ GS에서는 ginsenoside Ro, Rg2, Rh1, F2, Rg3 및 compound K가 각각 1.35, 2.4, 4.5, 9.0, 4.6 및 7.8 mg/100 mL씩 검출되었다. Phenolic acids 및 flavonols 함량 또한 ST+GS에서 CT 및 ST와 비교해 높게 검출되었으며, phenolic acids 함량은 각각 1.5배 및 1.2배 높았으며 flavonols 함량의 경우 각각 1.6배 및 1.3배 높게 검출되었다. 항산화 활성은 모든 항목에서 ST+GS가 우수하였다. 이러한 결과는 새싹인삼 첨가가 콤부차의 이점을 더 향상시킨다는 것을 보여준다. 따라서 콤부차에 딸기 및 새싹인삼 농축액을 첨가하였을 때 대사산물 함량과 생리활성이 유의적으로 증가하는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 이러한 결과를 통해 새싹인삼 함유 콤부차는 콤부차 산업에서의 활용 가치가 있을 것으로 판단된다. 하지만 새싹인삼 콤부차의 상용화를 위해서는 본 연구를 기초자료로 하여 새싹인삼 가공 형태별, 발효 미생물 종류별, 기호성 평가 등 추가적인 연구가 더 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

Abstract

In this study, the physicochemical properties, nutritional components, and antioxidant activities of kombucha containing ginseng sprouts (control kombucha, CT; strawberry kombucha, ST ; strawberry kombucha with 2% ginseng sprout, ST+GS) were analyzed for comparison of quality characteristics. The total content of free amino acids in ST+GS (273.38 mg/100 mL) was 3.2-14.5 times higher than in CT (18.9 mg/100 mL) and ST (84.9 mg/100 mL). The total mineral content in ST+GS (63.99 mg/100 mL) was 3.3-4.1 times higher than those of CT and ST (15.45 and 19.28 mg/100 mL). The contents of soluble phenolic and soluble flavonoid were 1.2 mg GAE/mL and 0.14 mg RE/mL in ST+GS. Several ginsenosides were detected only in ST+GS; ginsenoside Rg2 (2.4 mg/100 mL), Rh1 (4.5 mg/100 mL), F2 (9.0 mg/100 mL), Rg3 (4.6 mg/100 mL), and compound K (7.8 mg/100 mL) were detected. The content of phenolic acids was 1.2-1.5 times higher in ST+GS than in CT and ST. The amount of flavonol of ST+GS was not significantly different from CT but was 1.4 times higher than in ST. In terms of antioxidant activities, the values of ST+GS were significantly higher in comparison to other kombucha samples. These results confirmed that incorporating ginseng sprouts amplifies the advantages of kombucha.

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