Identification of Green Alga Chlorella vulgaris Isolated from Freshwater and Improvement Biodiesel Productivity via UV Irradiation
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Chlorella vulgaris was isolated from the Nile River, Qalubia Governorate, Egypt, for possible use in biodiesel production. BG-II nutrient growth media was used for isolation and laboratory growth. Identification was performed via 18S rRNA gene amplification, followed by sequencing. The alga was exposed to UVC (254 nm) for 15, 30, and 45 s to improve dry weight accumulation and to increase the oil production. Daily measurements of dry weight (g·l–1) were performed; oil content and volumetric lipid productivity were also determined. UV-C exposure led to an increase in the volumetric lipid productivity by 27, 27.3, and 32.4 mg·l-1·d-1 with 15, 30, and 45 s, respectively, as compared with the control, which resulted in 18 mg·l-1·d-1. Of the examined mutants, the one with the highest productivity was re-irradiated by UV-C (254 nm) for 15, 30, 45, and 60 s. For 15 s of exposure time, the oil content increased to 34%, while it was 31% at 30 s; further, it decreased to 22% at 45 and 60 s exposures. The fatty acid methyl ester profile was 82.22% in the first mutant at 45 s, compared with the wild strain that contained a total of 66.01% of FAs. Furthermore, the highest levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid methyl ester were observed in the mutant exposed for 45 s, and it reached 11.41%, which reduced the cetane number to 71.3
Abstract
Chlorella vulgaris was isolated from the Nile River, Qalubia Governorate, Egypt, for possible use in biodiesel production. BG-II nutrient growth media was used for isolation and laboratory growth. Identification was performed via 18S rRNA gene amplification, followed by sequencing. The alga was exposed to UVC (254 nm) for 15, 30, and 45 s to improve dry weight accumulation and to increase the oil production. Daily measurements of dry weight (g·l–1) were performed; oil content and volumetric lipid productivity were also determined. UV-C exposure led to an increase in the volumetric lipid productivity by 27, 27.3, and 32.4 mg·l-1·d-1 with 15, 30, and 45 s, respectively, as compared with the control, which resulted in 18 mg·l-1·d-1. Of the examined mutants, the one with the highest productivity was re-irradiated by UV-C (254 nm) for 15, 30, 45, and 60 s. For 15 s of exposure time, the oil content increased to 34%, while it was 31% at 30 s; further, it decreased to 22% at 45 and 60 s exposures. The fatty acid methyl ester profile was 82.22% in the first mutant at 45 s, compared with the wild strain that contained a total of 66.01% of FAs. Furthermore, the highest levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid methyl ester were observed in the mutant exposed for 45 s, and it reached 11.41%, which reduced the cetane number to 71.3
참고문헌 (43)
- Rodolfi L, "Microalgae for oil: strain selection, induction of lipid synthesis and outdoor mass cultivation in a low-cost photobioreactor", Biotechnol. Bioeng, 102, pp.100~112 (2009)
- Talebi A, "Genetic manipulation, a feasible tool to enhance unique characteristic of Chlorella vulgaris as a feedstock for biodiesel production", Mol. Biol. Rep, 40, pp.4421~4428 (2013)
- Burja AM, "Identification of the green alga, Chlorella vulgaris (SDC1) using cyanobacteria derived 16S rDNA primers targeting the chloroplast", FEMS Microbiol. Lett, 202, pp.195~203 (2001)
- Phukan MM, "Microalgae Chlorella a potential bio-energy feedstock", Appl. Energy, 88, pp.3307~3312 (2011)
- Ariztia EV, "A new phylogeny for chromophyte algae using 16S-like rRNA sequences from Mallomonas papillosa (Synurophyceae) and Tribonema aequale (Xanthophyceae)", J. Phycol, 27, pp.428~436 (1991)
- Bhattacharya D, "Algae containing chlorophyll a 1 c are paraphyletic : molecular evolutionary analysis of the Chromophyta", Evolution, 46, pp.1801~1817 (1992)
- Maidak L, "The RDP(Ribosomal Database Project)", Nucleic Acids Res, 25, pp.109~110 (1997)
- Van de Peer Y, "Database on the structure of small ribosomal subunit RNA", Nucleic Acids Res, 25, pp.111~116 (1997)
- Friedl T, "Inferring taxonomic positions and testing genus level assignments in coccoid green lichen algae: a phylogenetic analysis of 18S ribosomal RNA sequences from Dictyochloropsis reticulata and from members of the genus Myrmecia (Chlorophyta, Trebouxiophyceae, cl. nov.)", J. Phycol, 31, pp.632~639 (1995)
- Huss VA, "Biochemical taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the genus Chlorella sensulato (Chlorophyta)", J. Phycol, 35, pp.587~598 (1999)
- McKenzie RL, "Changes in biologically active ultraviolet radiation reaching the Earth’s surface", Photochem. Photobiol. Sci, 2, pp.5~15 (2003)
- Seidlitz H, "Comprehensive Series in Photosciences 3, Sun Protection in Man", pp.705~738 (2001), Elsevier
- Caldwell MM, "Terrestrial ecosystems, increased solar ultraviolet radiation and interactions with other climatic change factors", Photochem. Photobiol. Sci, 2, pp.29~38 (2003)
- Meindl U, "Effects of UV irradiation on cell development and ultrastructure of the green alga Micrasterias", J. Photochem. Photobiol, 36, pp.285~292 (1996)
- Karentz D, "Cell survival characteristics and molecular responses of Antarctic phytoplankton to ultraviolet-B radiation", J. Phycol, 27, pp.326~341 (1991)
- Lao K, "Ultraviolet-B photo destruction of a light harvesting complex", Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 93, pp.5258~5263 (1996)
- Holzinger A, "Ultra structure and photosynthesis in the supralittoral green macroalga Prasiolacrispa(Lightfoot)Kützing from Spitsbergen(Norway)under UV exposure", Phycologia, 45, pp.168~177 (2006)
- Karsten U, "Photosynthetic performance of Arctic macroalgae after transplantation from deep to shallow waters", Oecologia, 127, pp.11~20 (2001)
- Stanier R, "Purification and properties of unicellular blue-green algae (order Chroococcales)", Bacteriol. Rev, 35, pp.171~205 (1971)
- Stein JR., "Handbook of Phycological Methods: Culture Methods and Growth Measurements", pp.56~60 (1973), Cambridge University Press
- Griffiths MJ, "Lipid productivity as a key characteristic for choosing algal species for biodiesel production", J. Appl. Phycol, 21, pp.493~507 (2009)
- RANGA RAO, A, "Influence of CO2 on Growth and Hydrocarbon Production in Botryococcus braunii", Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 17(3), pp.414~419 (2007), 한국미생물·생명공학회
- Soxhlet F, "Die gewichtsanalytische Bestimmung des Milchfettes", Dinglers Polytechnisches J, 232, pp.461~465 (1879)
- Liu J, "Differential lipid and fatty acid profiles of photoautotrophic and heterotrophic Chlorella zofingiensis: assessment of algal oils for biodiesel production", Bioresour. Technol, 102, pp.106~110 (2011)
- Doyle JJ, "A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue", Phytochem. Bull, 19, pp.11~15 (1987)
- Uclés RM., "Identification of algal strains by PCR amplification and evaluation of their fatty acid profiles for biodiesel production", Master, pp.2008
- Joseph JD, "Capillary column gas chromatographic method for analysis of encapsulated fish oils and fish oil ethyl esters: collaborative study", J. AOAC Int, 75, pp.488~506 (1992)
- Francisco EC, "Microalgae as feedstock for biodiesel production: carbon dioxide sequestration, lipid production and biofuel quality", J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol, 85, pp.395~403 (2010)
- Krisnangkura KA, "Simple method for estimation of cetane index of vegetable oil methyl esters", J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc, 63, pp.552~553 (1986)
- Guckert JB, "Triacylglyceride accumulation and fatty acid profile changes in Chlorella (Chlorophyta) during highpH induced cell cycle inhibition", J. Phycol, 26, pp.72~79 (1990)
- Liu Z, "Effect of iron on growth and lipid accumulation in Chlorella vulgaris", Bioresour. Technol, 99, pp.4717~4722 (2007)
- Shu QY, "Plant Mutation Breeding and Biotechnology", pp.89~ (2011)
- Wada H, "Lipids in Photosynthesis: Structure, Function and Genetics", pp.65~81 (1998), Kluwer Academic Publishers
- Fawley MW, "Molecular diversity among communities of freshwater microchlorophytes", Microb. Ecol, 48, pp.489~499 (2004)
- Luo W, "Generic concept in Chlorella related coccoid green algae(Chlorophyta, Trebouxiophyceae)", Plant Biol, 12, pp.545~553 (2010)
- Ohlrogge J, "Lipid biosynthesis", Plant Cell, 7, pp.957~970 (1995)
- Nascimento IA, "Screening microalgae strains for biodiesel production : lipid productivity and estimation of fuel quality based on fatty acids profiles as selective criteria", Bioenergy Res, 6, pp.1~13 (2013)
- "66”Crambe, Industrial Rapeseed, and Tung provide Valuable Oils” Fats and Oils, Industrial Uses: 18" (1996)[URL]
- "Nutrient Data Laboratory Home Page" (2007)[URL]
- Valentine RC, "Omega-3 fatty acids in cellular membranes: a unified concept", Prog. Lipid Res, 43, pp.383~402 (2004)
- Miao XL, "Effective acid catalyzed transesterification for biodiesel production", Energy Convers. Manag, 50, pp.2680~2684 (2009)
- Knothe GH, "Dependence of biodiesel fuel properties on the structure of fatty acid alkyl esters", Fuel Processing Technology, 86, pp.1059~1070 (2005)
- Ramos M, "Influence of fatty acids composition of raw materials on biodiesel properties", Bioresour. Technol, 100, pp.261~268 (2009)