현대 앱아트의 상호작용 유형과 의의 연구

Abstract

There have been many studies with analyses from the perspective of ‘interaction’ in genres of contemporary art, but there have been very few studies on app art. Thus, this study examined interaction types and significances of the contemporary app art, which is distinguished from other genres. First of all, by organizing the interaction forms of the existing artwork, the analysis frameworks of app art interactions were divided into ‘psychological’, ‘physical’ and ‘contactual’ interactions. Contactual interactions were in more detail divided into ‘unilinear’ and ‘complex’ interactions. App artwork examples produced from 2008 to 2019 were placed in this framework and the following have been extracted as the types of generalized contemporary app art. All app artwork examples were included in the ‘contactual interaction’ and about 76% of them corresponded to the ‘unilinear interaction’ that accepts the artist’s pre-loaded contents unilaterally after contacting the app. About 24% of the examples corresponded to the ‘complex interaction’, which is the multi-interaction with unspecified public or contents via the app alone without scan targets. This shows that most of the current app art have the similar form to the unilinear reactive interaction type of most of the existing interactive media art. The first significance of this finding is that while the existing art genres have relatively singular interactive targets for viewers, such as art/target/artist, app arts have single or double targets with either smartphones or smartphones and the art/environment. In addition, while the main interaction subject of the contemporary art has slowly changed from artist-centered to viewer-centered, the app art has a relatively wide range of distribution from viewer-centered to artist-centered as its interaction targets are single and double. Second significance is that in the app art, the use of smartphone as a required machine during the interaction process is the first case in the history of art that ‘a personal item is used as part of art and after the appreciation, it is reused as a daily item’. Third is that interactions require harmony between devices and viewers’ bodies and expand the bodily art of viewers and through the machine, reflecting some of the reality that humans’ senses and capabilities expand through the machine.