초보 서비스 디자이너를 위한 디자인 퍼실리테이션 기법 제안
Proposal of Design Facilitation Techniques for Novice Service Designers
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
문제를 해결하기 위해 정책 입안자, 전문가, 시민이 함께하는 워크숍을 통해 문제를 해결하려는 움직임이 커지고 있다. 복잡한 문제 해결하기 위해서는 이해관계자와의 협업이 필요하다. 참여디자인 접근방식에서 이해관계자와 학제 간 영감을 주고 미래 기회를 공동으로 탐색하는 디자인 워크숍 활동이필요하다. 디자인 워크숍 활동에서 디자인의 방법 도구를 원활하게 사용할 수 있는 서비스 디자이너의역할이 필요하다. 하지만, 디자인 퍼실리테이터를 위한 학술 문헌은 부족한 실정이다. 이러한 배경으로 본 연구는 초보 서비스 디자이너의 관점에서 디자인 워크숍의 기초적인 프레임을 도출하고자 세가지 연구 실험을 하였다. 연구는 1) 전문가 인터뷰 통해 이론적 배경을 탐색, 2) 디자인 스프린트 워크숍을 통해 프로세스 실험 진행, 3) 시민 혁신 워크숍에서 실제적 문제 해결 활동으로 구성하였다. 연구 방법은 1) 세 개의 디자인 컨설팅 회사에서 다년간 디자인 워크숍을 진행하고 있는 전문가를 구성하여 화상회의와 음성통화 방식을 통해 진행한 후, 인터뷰 내용 탐색한 결과 도출, 2) 디자인 스프린트 워크숍에서 참여자들의 피드백 분석 결과 도출, 3) 시민 혁신 워크숍을 통해 실제적 문제 결과분석하여 시사점을 도출하였다. 첫째, 디자인 워크숍에서 아이스 브레킹으로 마인드 셋 준비. 둘째, 디자인 워크숍의 창의적 발상을 돕기 위해 툴킷을 주의하여 사용. 셋째, 디자인 워크숍은 유연하게 적응하라. 넷째, 핵심 툴에 맞추어 디자인 워크숍을 진행하라. 이 네 가지 기법을 초보 서비스 디자이너가전반적인 맥락에 대한 감각을 잃지 않고 디자인 워크숍을 진행하는데 도움이 될 것으로 기대한다. 본연구는 초보 서비스 디자이너에게 디자인 워크숍을 위한 디자인 퍼실리테이션 기법이 되는 정보를 제공하는 데 의의가 있으며 다양한 분야에 적합한 디자인 퍼실리테이션의 역할을 기대한다.
Abstract
There is a growing movement to solve problems through workshops with policymakers, experts, and citizens. Resolving complex problems requires collaboration with stakeholders. In a participatory design approach, design workshop activities that inspire stakeholders and interdisciplinary teams and jointly explore future opportunities are needed. In the design workshop activities, the role of a service designer who can use the design method tool efficiently is required. However, the academic literature for design facilitators is scarce. With this background, this study conducted three research experiments to derive the basic frame of a design workshop from the perspective of a novice service designer. The research consisted of (1)exploring theoretical background through expert interviews, (2)conducting process experiments through design sprint workshops, and (3)practical problem-solving activities with citizen innovation workshops. The research method was as follows. 1)We recruited experts from three design consulting companies who had been conducting design workshops for many years. Then we conducted video conferences and voice calls, and extracted the interview results. 2) We collected feedback from the participants in the design sprint workshop for our analysis. 3) We derived four implications by analyzing the results of practical problems through the citizen innovation workshop. The first implication is to prepare the right mindset through ice-breaking in the design workshop, secondly, to use the toolkit carefully to help creative ideas in the design workshop, and thirdly to adapt flexibly to the design workshop. The fourth implication is to conduct design workshops tailored to the core tools. It is expected that these four techniques will help novice service designers to conduct design workshops without losing a sense of the overall context. This study is meaningful in providing information on design facilitation techniques for design workshops to novice service designers and provides the role of design facilitation suitable for various fields.
참고문헌 (31)
- Aguirre, M., "Design facilitation as emerging practice: Analyzing how designers support multi-stakeholder co-creation", She Ji: The Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation, 3(3), pp.198~209 (2017)
- 안현서, "디자인씽킹 워크숍에서 서비스디자이너의 퍼실리테이션 역할 및 공동디자인 툴킷 활용에 관한 연구 - 공공분야를 중심으로", 디자인학연구, 33(3), pp.223~253 (2020), 한국디자인학회[DOI]
- Bens, I., "Facilitation at a Glance" (1999), Participative Dynamics
- Body, J., "Design facilitation as an emerging design skill: A practical approach", Interpreting Design Thinking Conference (2010)
- Brown, T., "Design thinking", Harvard Business Review, 86(6), pp.84~ (2008)
- Brown, T., "Change by design: How design thinking creates new alternatives for business and society" (2009), Collins Business
- Brown, T., "Design thinking for social innovation", Development Outreach, 12(1), pp.29~43 (2010)
- Buchanan, R., "Wicked problems in design thinking", Design Issues, 8(2), pp.5~21 (1992)
- Cross, N., "Designerly ways of knowing", Design Studie, 3(4), pp.221~227 (1982)
- Cross, N., "From a design science to a design discipline: Understanding designerly. ways of knowing and thinking", Design Research Now. Essays and Selected Projects, ~ (2007)
- Granholt, M. F., "Facilitate design through improv : The qualified eclectic", Thinking Skills and Creativity, 40, pp.100785~ (2021)
- Kim, S., "A study on the role of designers in the age of technology convergence", KSDS Conference, 250 (2021)
- Kim, E., "60-minute sprint-experience case study : Importance of decision-makers and team composition", Korean Society of Basic Design Art Conference KSBDA, ~ (2021)
- Kim, E., "Warm-up, toolkits, and the right focus-identifying basic facilitation techniques for novice facilitators", Korean Design Society Conference KSDS (2021)
- Knapp, J., "Sprint : How to solve big problems and test new ideas in just five days" (2016), Simon and Schuster
- "Korea Facilitator Association"[URL]
- Lampitt Adey, K., "Novice facilitators as creative catalysts in innovation support", ~ (2019)
- "Moonlight Expedition"[URL]
- Mosely, G., "Design facilitation : A critical review of conceptualisations and constructs", Thinking Skills and Creativity, 100962 (2021)
- Mosely, G., "Facilitating design thinking : A comparison of design expertise", Thinking Skills and Creativity, 27, pp.177~189 (2018)
- Oh, W., "Introduction to facilitation", pp.3~4 (2017), Cho Myung Culture Publishing House
- Reilly, R. C., "Is expertise a necessary precondition for creativity? : A case of four novice learning group facilitator", Thinking Skills and Creativity, pp.59~76 (2008)
- Sanders, E. B., "Co-creation and the new landscapes of design", CoDesign, 4(1), pp.5~18 (2008)
- Sanders, E. B., "Convivial toolbox: Generative research for the front end of design" (2012), BIS
- "Design thinking is not doomed-It’s misused" (2018)[URL]
- "Tangino Group"[URL]
- Tschimmel, K., "Design Thinking as an effective Toolkit for Innovation", ISPIM Conference Proceedings (2012)
- "Undernamu Digital. Design and digital marketing agency"[URL]
- Wahl, D. C., "The designer’s role in facilitating sustainable solutions", Design Issues (2008)
- "Wow D LAB"[URL]
- Wróbel, A. E., "Facilitating design : examining the effects of facilitator’s neutrality on trust and potency in an exploratory experimental study", Design Science, 7 (2021)