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시간비용이 조건부 프로모션에 대한 평가에 미치는 영향

The Effect of Time Cost on the Evaluation of Conditional Promotion

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주제분류경영학

초록

연구목적: 본 연구에서는 기업이 보편적으로 활용하고 있는 조건부 프로모션의 효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 조건부 프로모션이란 소비자가 기업에서 제공하는 제품 혹은 서비스를 얻기 위해서는 소정의 비용(금전적 혹은 비금전적)을 지불해야 하는 프로모션을 의미한다. 본 연구는 소비자가 원하는 것을 얻기 위해 자신의 시간을 할애하는 상황에서, 가치평가과정 그리고 제품(사은품) 유형에 따라 시간비용(소요시간)이 조건부 프로모션에 대한 태도와 이용의도에 미치는 효과가 다르게 나타남을 검증하였다. 연구 설계 및 방법론: 연구목적의 달성을 위해 두 번의 실험을 실시하였다. 두 번의 실험 모두 시나리오 기반 실험을 수행했다. 첫 번째 실험은 2(시간비용: 고 vs. 저) x 2(가치평가과정: 감정 vs. 계산)의 집단 간 설계로 구성하였고, 두 번째 실험은 2(시간비용: 고 vs. 저) x 2(제품 유형: 쾌락적 vs. 실용적)의 집단 간 설계로 구성하였다. 분석방법으로 계획대조(planned contrast)를 이용하였다. . 분석 및 연구 결과: 첫 번째 실험 결과, 소비자가 계산에 근거한 가치평가과정(valuation process by calculation)을 거치는 경우, 시간비용이 높은 경우보다 낮은 경우에 조건부 프로모션에 대한 태도와 이용의도가 더 높게 나타났다. 이에 반해 소비자가 감정에 근거한 가치평가과정(valuation process by feeling)을 거치는 경우, 시간비용이 높은 경우와 낮은 경우 간 조건부 프로모션에 대한 태도와 이용의도에 차이가 없었다. 두 번째 실험 결과, 제품 유형이 실용적 제품인 경우, 시간비용이 높은 경우보다 낮은 경우에 조건부 프로모션에 대한 태도와 이용의도가 더 높게 나타났고, 제품 유형이 쾌락적 제품인 경우, 시간비용이 높은 경우와 낮은 경우 간 조건부 프로모션에 대한 태도와 이용의도에 차이가 없게 나타났다. 시사점 및 연구의 한계점: 본 연구는 시간비용과 소비자 평가 사이에 심리적 가치평가과정과 제품 유형의 조절 효과를 연구함으로써 시간비용 연구의 범위를 확장하였다. 또한 마케팅 실무자에게 조건부 프로모션 기획 시 소비자 시간비용 지각에 영향을 미치는 요인이 무엇이며, 프로모션 효과 제고를 위한 방법에 대한 실무적 시사점을 제공하였다는데 연구의 의의가 있다. 향후 연구방향: 향후 연구들은 시간비용과 조건부 프로모션에 대한 소비자 평가간의 관계를 조절할 수 있는 개인 특성 및 상황 변수를 파악하는 시도를 할 수 있을 것이다. 나아가 다양한 조건부 프로모션 형태(금전적, 비금전적 )에 따른 차별적인 효과에 대한 연구도 의미가 있을 것이다. 공헌점: 본 연구는 기존 연구들이 서비스 맥락에서 대기시간을 중심으로 시간비용을 연구한 것과는 달리, 현재 많은 기업들의 실행하고 있는 조건부 프로모션 맥락에서 시간 비용이 소비자 평가에 미치는 효과를 검증한 첫 시도라는 점에서 차별점을 갖는다.

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines that the effect of time cost on attitude and usage intention of conditional promotions differs depending on the valuation process and product type in the context of consumers spending their own time in order to get what they want. Design/methodology/approach: We adopted a scenario-based experiment in studies 1 and 2. The first experiment was structured as between-subjects of 2 (time cost: high vs. low) x 2 (valuation process: feeling vs. calculation). Then, the second experiment was structured as between-subjects of 2 (time cost: high vs. low) x 2 (product type: hedonic vs. utilitarian). Results/findings: The first experiment demonstrated that when consumers take the valuation process by calculation, a low time cost yielded a higher attitude and usage intention of the conditional coupon than a high time cost. On the contrary, when consumers take valuation by feeling, there was no difference in the attitude and usage intention of the conditional coupon between the high and low time cost. The second experiment indicated that when product type is a utilitarian product, a low time cost yielded higher attitude and usage intention of the conditional coupon than a high time cost. However, when the product type is a hedonic product, there was no difference in the attitude and usage intention of the conditional coupon. Research implications/limitations: Marketers can gain insight into the ways for the effective operation of conditional promotions. Future work/research: A future study that can figure out the individual characteristics and situational variables as a boundary condition for the relationship between time cost and consumer evaluation toward conditional promotion will be promising. Originality/value: This study first verified the effect of time cost in the context of conditional promotions, which are commonly utilized by many companies, whereas previous research has mainly studied the time cost (waiting time) in the context of service.

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