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편익 소구 유형과 자아해석 및 불공정성 인식이 공익 광고 태도 및 친사회적 행동 의도에 미치는 영향

The Effects of Benefit Appeal Types, Self-construal and Injustice Perception on Individuals’Attitudes and Prosocial Behavior Intentions in Public Campaign Ads

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주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 환경 공익 홍보에서 개인 편익 소구와 타인 편익 소구 중 어느 쪽이 더 설득력이 있는지 알아보고자 한다. 이 질문에 답하기 위해 본 연구에서는 홍보 주체의 편익 소구 유형과 참여자의 자아해석 및 불공정성 인식 간의 상호작용을 살펴볼 필요가 있다고 제시한다. 이 연구에서 편익 소구 유형은 개인 편익 소구와 타인 편익 소구로 나누고, 자아해석은 독립적 자아해석과 상호의존적 자아해석으로, 불공정성 인식은 개인 측면과 타인 측면으로 구분한다. 연구 방법은 실험이며, 실험 소재는 현재 정부에서 홍보하고 있지만 인지도가 비교적 높지 않은 ‘탄소포인트제 가입하기’이다. 실험 설계는 2(편익 소구 유형: 개인 편익과 타인 편익) × 2(자아해석: 독립적과 상호의존적) × 2(불공정성 인식: 개인 측면과 타인 측면) 집단 간 설계(between-subject design) 방식이다. 실험 표본은 서울, 경기 및 인천 소재 기업체에 근무하는 20~50대 성인으로, 총 360 명이 실험에 참여하였고, 결측치가 있는 29명을 제외한 331 명의 응답이 분석에 사용되었다. 연구의 주요 결과는 두 가지로 요약할 수 있다. 첫째, 홍보 주체의 편익 소구 유형과 참여자의 자아해석 및 불공정성 인식 간의 3원 상호작용이 유의적으로 나타났다. 둘째, 개인 편익 소구는 개인 측면 불공정성 인식과 결합될 때 부정적 효과를 초래한다. 종합해 보면 환경 공익 활동 참여를 유도하는 데 있어서 특정 편익 소구 유형이 항상 유리하다고 할 수 없으며, 편익 소구 유형의 효과는 참여자의 성향과 불공정성 인식의 조합에 따라 다르게 나타남을 알 수 있다.

Abstract

This study attempts to examine which of self-benefit appeal or other-benefit appeal is more persuasive in public environmental campaign ads. The study argues that we must examine the interactions among benefit appeal types, self-construal and injustice perception to answer for the research question. In the study benefit appeal types contain self-benefit appeal and other-benefit appeal, self-construal consists of independent self-construal and interdependent self-construal, and injustice perception is injustice from the self's benefit perspective and injustice from the other's benefit perspective. The study employs experiment as a research method. ‘Participating Carbon Point Program’ is employed as experimental materials, because public awareness is low although it has recently been publicized by Korean government. As an experimental design 2(benefit appeal types: self-benefit appeal versus other-benefit appeal) × 2(self-construal: independent versus interdependent) × 2(injustice perception: injustice from the self's benefit perspective versus injustice from the other's benefit perspective) between-subject design is employed. Sample in the study consists of employees, aged from 20‘s to 50’s, of companies in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Incheon. In total 360 participated in the experiment, and 331 responses, excluding those from 29 respondents with some non-response items, were analyzed. There are two major findings from the study. First, there is a significant three way interaction among benefit appeal types, self-construal and injustice perception. Second, self-benefit appeal produced a negative effect when combined with the injustice from the self's benefit perspective. We can conclude that in persuading individuals’ participation in public service activities one benefit appeal type is not always more effective than the other, and the effect of benefit appeal type varies according to the combination of individuals’ tendencies and injustice perceptions.

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