渤海遺裔 大集成의 出自와 정치·군사적 활동

Abstract

This thesis is a study on DaeJipSung in a few different respects who was a Balhae refugee descendant and lived in Koryo dynasty. First his birthplace and family has been examined and next his achievements in political and military aspects have been researched. He was a descendant of marginal people of Balhae and Koryo. So his life and social limitation as a marginal person was also mentioned here. His personal image and the way toward the publicity of Balhae history through the historical TV drama “Musin” are considered as well. These considerations are critical not just in the point of the history of Balhae refugees but revealing of the inner part of Koryo history. The followings are detailed arrangements of these examinations and researches of the above considerations. First, this is about the birthplace and family tree of DaeJipSung. He was descended from Balhae. However, he did not come from a refugee family right after the collapse of Balhae, but from a few generations of Balhae refugees, judging from the period of his activity in Koryo Dynasty. It is hard to figure out the time of his forefathers’ defection to Koryo because no exact records on it are reanmained. The historical document, “JeongBoMunHeonBiGo” reads his birthplace is Yeongsoon, Kyeongsang Province, which is shown untrue. According to the relation between Choiwoo and the residential aspect of Dae families of early Josun Dynasty, the probable resident of DaeJipSung is Ubong in Whanghae Province. Now is not the right time to restructure the whole family tree of his forefathers before he was born. The whole facts on the tree of Dae family cannot be verified. He had one daughter who became Choiwoo’s second wife. Her ex-husband was known as a member of Oh family, but given name was not known. DaeJipSung’s wife and her ex-husband had a son, whose name was OhSeungJeok. He was removed from the position of army general in Koryo Dynasty and killed in the end as Choihang has got the political and military power. Second, this is about DaeJipSung’s political and military achievement in Koryo Dynasty. He was first promoted into a high position in political rank by Choichungheon. He was even given higher social status as Choiwoo has got the chief power of Koryo Dynasty so that he could carry out some political and military tasks of great importance as Choiwoo’s closest advisor. When the Mongolian troops first invaded, he led the whole Koryeo military but could not defend his country successfully. At the Anbooksung battle, he made a critical failure with his strategical misjudgement. He even took the diplomatic mission of recommending surrender to Mongolia with Mongolian officials as Choichungmyong took a firm stand against the Mongolian invaders. Finally when the Koryo Dynasty decided to relocate its capital into Kangwha island, he took the lead in the task. Third, this is about the role and limitation of DaeJipSung in dealing with some governmental affairs of Koryo Dynasty as a marginal person between Balhae and Koryo. DaeJipSung’s ancestors belonged to Koryo expatriating from their homeland when Balhae collapsed. It is probable that he led a life as a marginal man for a considerable length of time. After that period passed by, he rose to Koryo Dynasty to carry out an important role in developing Koryo Dynasty. His social and political position was called Susagong, one of the highest ranks in the dynasty. Koryo, however, had the social and political tendency of putting value on civil officials and family birth, which led to the sudden ruin of DaeJipSung’s household as soon as Choihang took the kingship since they had had weak forefathers’ legacy . Fourth, this is about the publicity of the history of Balhae from the viewpoint of historical TV drama, ‘Musin.’ The characters in the drama are not far from true. People’s great interest in Balhae and Balhae refugees was aroused by the ‘Musin.’ Now Korean government, governmental institutes, local autonomy organizations, and scholastic groups are advancing the task of publicity of Balhae history but in a non-systematic way. This suggests that some systematic and diverse methods on the task are in an urgent need. A person who is not definitely belonged to a culture or society as well as stands on the margin of two social or cultural groups is called a marginal person. The first forefather of DaeJipSung must have been the marginal person standing on the both margin of Balhae and Koryo society. As a descendant of this marginal ancestor, DaeJipSung, however, transformed himself to be a more real subject of Koryo Dynasty, strengthening his social position through the mission of fighting the Mongolian invaders and relocating the capital of the country. Though he cherished some of his personality as a Balhae refugee, he showed more real thing as a subject of Koryo Dynasty. This suggests some similarity with the aspect that DaeJoYoung, who lived as a marginal man about 500 years before DaeJipSung, finally to found Balhae Dynasty in 698 as a Koguryeo refugee of Malgal genealogy.