집안 지역 출토 고구려 권운문 와당 명문의 판독과 유형

Abstract

Inscriptions (銘文) are often found in the rolling cloud pattern (卷雲文) roof-end tiles of the early-to mid-4th century excavated from the Jian area in Jilin, China. Due to the difficulty of access to the actual materials, deciphering them is largely depended on Chinese scholars’ deciphering opinions, but it is necessary for Korean academic circles to carry out an independent deciphering work, more actively. As a result of a deciphering work using pictures and rubbings disclosed till now, some errors of the existing deciphers could be corrected. Most representative is the inscription on the roof-end tile of the year of gichuk (己丑年, 329). There was no regularity in the order of deciphering in the existing deciphering opinion, and a few letters were not deciphered. The letters, ‘pa (巴)’ and ‘ryeong (領)’ were newly read, which had been wrongly deciphered, and the fact that the letters were arranged in order counterclockwise to form sentences was revealed, as well. In addition, letters and the order of deciphering were corrected in a few roof-end tiles. As the oldest roof-end tile with an inscription in Goguryeo, the roof-end tile with an inscription, ‘fourth year of Taeryeong’ has been chosen, but it is necessary to pay attention to roof-end tile with an inscription, ‘gapsul (甲戌)’ excavated from Second Primary School in 2001. Judging from the form of the roof-end tile, it seems that the roof-end tile with an inscription, ‘gapsul’ was produced in 314. In addition, the year of production of the roof-end tile with an inscription, ‘daegil (大吉)’ excavated from Nammun-ri was the year of ‘-sin (▨申),’ which is very likely to be the year of ‘imsin (壬申)’ (312). The rolling cloud pattern roof-end tile excavated from Jian can be categorized according to the form of the arrangement of the inscriptions. Accordingly, four types, A, B, C and D were set up. Type A can be subdivided into Types A-1, A-2 and A-3. Of them, Type A-1 is in the form where sentences are arranged in a way in which one reads the letters in the middle first, reads four letters starting at 1 o’clock clockwise, moves to 11 o’clock and then reads four letters counterclockwise. Attention is paid to this as a type made by various producers, which appeared in the earliest time.