라우드 대 프리슬리(Lowth vs. Priestley): 문법과 용법에 대한 18세기의 태도
Lowth vs. Priestley: Eighteenth-Century Attitudes Toward English Grammar and Usage
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The 18th century was a crucial period in the process of codification and standardization of English and in the chronicling of the traditional English grammar. The need for grammar to provide linguistic guidance to the upper social classes, and to those who aspired to belong to them, led to a sharp increase in the publication of grammar texts. Representative grammar books published in this period were J. Priestley’s Rudiments of English Grammar (1761 & 1768) and R. Lowth’s Study of Short Introduction to the English Grammar (1762). Priestley's and Lowth's grammars epitomized, respectively, the two main trends of grammatical tradition: descriptivism and prescriptivism. This paper, through a contextual reading of Priestley’s grammars, reexamines both the nature of his grammar and discusses possible sources for his norm of propriety or correctness in his grammars, arguing that such a characterization of both Priestley’s work and that of his contemporaries is misleading and, moreover, that Priestley is also one of the main codifiers of the English language and had a profound influence on the standardization of English in the latter part of the 18th century.
Abstract
The 18th century was a crucial period in the process of codification and standardization of English and in the chronicling of the traditional English grammar. The need for grammar to provide linguistic guidance to the upper social classes, and to those who aspired to belong to them, led to a sharp increase in the publication of grammar texts. Representative grammar books published in this period were J. Priestley’s Rudiments of English Grammar (1761 & 1768) and R. Lowth’s Study of Short Introduction to the English Grammar (1762). Priestley's and Lowth's grammars epitomized, respectively, the two main trends of grammatical tradition: descriptivism and prescriptivism. This paper, through a contextual reading of Priestley’s grammars, reexamines both the nature of his grammar and discusses possible sources for his norm of propriety or correctness in his grammars, arguing that such a characterization of both Priestley’s work and that of his contemporaries is misleading and, moreover, that Priestley is also one of the main codifiers of the English language and had a profound influence on the standardization of English in the latter part of the 18th century.
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