《종교사무조례》 수정초안에 나타난 중국 종교정책 변화와 로잔운동의 관계성 고찰

Abstract

Abstract A study on the relationship between the change of religion policy in the regulations on Religious Affairs Draft Revisions(Deliberation Draft) in China and Lausanne Movement. Kim, Kwang Seong (Juan International University, Professor, Theology of Mission) The Lausanne Movement began in 1974 with the first International Congress on World Evangelization as part of the evangelical camp’s effort to overcome the crisis of the 1960s when the concept of missions was heading towards polar extremes of evangelism and social participation depending on one’s theological tendency. Through the Lausanne II in Manila in 1989 and the Cape Town 2010, the Lausanne Movement has brought together the evangelical camps and has played an important role in establishing theological foundations and practical directions for world missions such as awakening the importance of overseas missions, summarizing theological grounds for world evangelization, etc. Although the Lausanne Movement plays an important role of the evangelical camp in encountering the theology of missions of the ecumenical camp for the purpose of world missions, it is still not free from the evangelical camps’ understanding and evaluation that communist proliferation would be an obstacle to the preaching of the gospel. At Cape Town 2010, around 200 delegations of the Chinese church from China were not able to attend the Congress due to the government’s refusal to grant permission to the delegation to travel abroad. As a result, the meeting between the Lausanne Movement and the Chinese church continues to remain as a difficult task to solve. This study was conducted with the premise that in order for the Lausanne Movement to meet with the Chinese church, a thorough understanding of the religious policies implemented by China must precede the meeting. The Chinese government, with its legislation on religious policy that prioritizes solving religious problems in the country, recently announced Religious Affairs Draft Revisions (Deliberation Draft). Since the Religious Affairs Draft Revisions is a legal basis for China's religious policies, the analysis of the Deliberation Draft is an important indicator of future religious policy in China. By analyzing the contents of the Deliberation Draft, we can detect several important changes. First, the Chinese government will have the legal basis to more thoroughly control the Chinese church’s contact with foreign groups. Second, the Chinese government's control over religious activities has expanded beyond domestic to abroad. Third, the Chinese government has extended its offline control of religious activities from offline to online. In addition, the Chinese government, which has implemented a dual religious policy that guarantees freedom of religion while strictly controlling religious activities, has significantly strengthened regulations preventing the possibility that the religious community will reinvest religious assets accumulated as a result of economic development and quantitative growth of its members for further growth of their religion. Therefore, going forward the Chinese government is expected to implement a strict control policy based on legal grounds. However, the religious policy of modern China has already been fundamentally changed. In implementing the Open Door Policy in 1978, China reinterpreted socialism and proclaimed the so-called "socialism with Chinese characteristics". As a result, it has abandoned the traditional religious policy to forcibly annihilate religion and started to strongly promote freedom of religion policy to focus all the capabilities of the religious system on socialist development. In a socialist ideological system, religion cannot be left to exist. However, from a unified frontline strategy perspective it regards religion as a social phenomenon and recognizes the reality that religion exists in socialist society. The Lausanne Movement places highest priority on overcoming obstacles that hinder world evangelization. The existence of the communist camp is one of the major obstacles. However, it is also the target of companion for partnership to seek after for world evangelization. For the Chinese government, building a socialist society is its top priority. In modern China, religion, especially Western religion of Christianity, is becoming an important power in the development of socialism. If this situation can be understood prospectively, the Lausanne movement has full potential to establish a companion partnership with the Chinese church.