Is Romans 9:15 a Hindrance to Missional Motivation?
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Can Romans 9:15 be a hindrance to missional motivation? It can if we understand Romans 9:15 as Paul using Exdosus 33:19 as a proof-text for God’s random election of human individuals. To test the validity of this interpretation, the present paper und- ertakes an exegetical investation of Paul’s use of Exodus 33:19 in Romans 9:15. Paul’s argument up to Romans 9:14 is that ethnic Israel’s present exclusion from the promised covenantal blessings made available by Jesus does not jeopardize God’s righteousness because true Israel have always been those called by God according to his own promises apart from physical ancestry or human merit. To the supposed charge that this way of electing people is arbitrary and unjust, Paul responds in Romans 9:15 by drawing on the original context of Exodus 33:19. Paul’s strategy is to evoke Israel’s foundational historical moment at which Israel’s fundamentally idolatrous nature revealed through the golden calf incident was sharply contrasted with God’s sovereign, merciful, and self-glorifying character exercised in the covenant renewal, to make this sobering reminder: God’s hitherto maintained covenant with ethnic Israel has been based solely on God’s mercy and thus completely undeserved. Romans 9:15 then points to God’s trans- historically consistent way of forming true Israel out of the sinful humanity by his mercy for his glory, rather than God’s artibrary determination of human fate. Understood this way, Romans 9:15 motivates us to proclaim God’s mercy and repentance rather than undermining missional motivation.
Abstract
Can Romans 9:15 be a hindrance to missional motivation? It can if we understand Romans 9:15 as Paul using Exdosus 33:19 as a proof-text for God’s random election of human individuals. To test the validity of this interpretation, the present paper und- ertakes an exegetical investation of Paul’s use of Exodus 33:19 in Romans 9:15. Paul’s argument up to Romans 9:14 is that ethnic Israel’s present exclusion from the promised covenantal blessings made available by Jesus does not jeopardize God’s righteousness because true Israel have always been those called by God according to his own promises apart from physical ancestry or human merit. To the supposed charge that this way of electing people is arbitrary and unjust, Paul responds in Romans 9:15 by drawing on the original context of Exodus 33:19. Paul’s strategy is to evoke Israel’s foundational historical moment at which Israel’s fundamentally idolatrous nature revealed through the golden calf incident was sharply contrasted with God’s sovereign, merciful, and self-glorifying character exercised in the covenant renewal, to make this sobering reminder: God’s hitherto maintained covenant with ethnic Israel has been based solely on God’s mercy and thus completely undeserved. Romans 9:15 then points to God’s trans- historically consistent way of forming true Israel out of the sinful humanity by his mercy for his glory, rather than God’s artibrary determination of human fate. Understood this way, Romans 9:15 motivates us to proclaim God’s mercy and repentance rather than undermining missional motivation.
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