한국의 국민에 대한 국제이주통제의 탄생과 발전, 1949∼1961년: 1949년 ‘해외여권규칙’을 중심으로
The Birth of Emigration Control and Its Development in South Korea, 1949-1961: On the Case of the Passport Rule of 1949
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초록
국제이주통제 연구는 이입국의 외국인 통제에 주로 초점이 주어져 왔고, 이출국의 자국인, 즉 국민·시민에 대한 통제는 상대적으로 덜 다루어져 왔다. 이 연구에서는 한국에서 자국인에 대한 국제이주통제가 어떻게 형성·발전되었는지를 고찰한다. 국제 비교의 관점에서 한국의 국민에 대한 국제이주통제가 어떻게 다루어져 왔는지를 ‘이동의 자유’와 ‘노동력 송출 정책’을 중심으로 고찰한다. 1949-1961년 국제이주통제의 근간이 되었던 ‘해외여권규칙’을 중심으로, 국민에 대한 한국 국제이주통제의 탄생과 발전 및 의의를 살펴본다.
Abstract
The main focus of research on international migration control has been on those controls in immigration countries. On the other hand, international migration control over one’s nationals/citizens in emigration countries has been largely overlooked. This study focuses on South Korea and examines how the international migration control of such emigration country was formed and developed. To this end, this study will focus on the multinational comparative studies of the freedom of movement and the labor migration policy and examine how those multinational comparative studies has dealt with South Korea. Based on the comparative perspective, this study examine the birth and development of the Passport Rule of 1949 and its implications, which was the basis of the emigration control of South Korea on its nationals from its foundation to 1961.
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