아프리카 노사정협의기구의 발달과 과제: 국제노사정기구연합(AICESIS) 회원국을 중심으로
Development and challenges of tripartite consultative institutions in Africa : Focusing on member countries of International Association of Economic and Social Councils and Similar Institutions(AICESIS)
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본 연구는 아프리카 대륙에서 노사정협의기구의 발달과 과제에 관해 다룬다. 우리나라에 잘 알려지지 않은 이들 기구는 국제노사정기구연합 회원국의 많은 수를 차지하고 다수의 국가에서 상대적으로 이른 시기에 설립됐다. 연구를 위해 노사정협의기구를 노동자문기구, 사회적협의기구, 시민협의기구로 구분하고, 노조가 독립운동에 참여하면서 사회정치운동적 속성을 지니게 된 역사적 배경을 살펴본다. 결론적으로 아프리카 대륙의 노사정협의기구는 1960년대 독립시기 식민통치국 정치체계의 영향과, 그리고 독립과정에서 기여를 인정받은 노조와 사회단체를 국가 재건과정에 참여시키기 위해 시작됐다. 이후 1990년대 민주화 과정에서 개혁 또는 확산됐다. 최근 튀니지에서 노사합의 중심의 사회적 협의기구의 등장 또한 주목되는 현상이다. 새로운 변화를 맞이하는 아프리카에서의 사회적 대화는 향후 비공식경제에 대한 포용, 중층적 대화를 위한 혁신을 통해 경제사회문제에 직접적인 이해당사자로서 사회적 주체들이 더욱 결정적인 영향력을 행사할 수 있도록 하는 과제에 직면하고 있다.
Abstract
This study addresses the development and challenges of tripartite institutions on the African continent. These institutions, which are not well-known in South Korea, make up a significant portion of the member states of International Association of Economic and Social Councils and Similar Institutions (AICESIS) and were established relatively early in many countries. For the purpose of this research, tripartite consultation institutions are categorized into labor advisory bodies, social dialogue bodies, and civil dialogue bodies. The study also examines the historical background in which trade unions, by participating in the independence movement, acquired political and social attributes. In conclusion, tripartite institutions in Africa emerged in the 1960s during the independence period, influenced by the political systems of the colonial powers. These institutions were established to enable trade unions and social organizations, which had contributed to the independence process, to participate in the national reconstruction process. Subsequently, in the 1990s, these institutions were reformed or expanded during the democratization process. A recent notable development is the emergence of social dialogue institutions centered on labor agreements in Tunisia. As Africa faces new changes, social dialogue is confronted with the challenge of enabling social actors to exert more decisive influence on socio-economic issues, through innovation aimed at including the informal economy and facilitating multilayered dialogue.
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