국어 동사와 형용사의 구분 문제

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to clarify the distinction between verbs and adjectives in Korean. Firstly, I argue on the criteria of the distinction between verbs and adjectives. Most of Korean linguists presented the criteria of the distinction between verbs and adjectives as follows: the form of declarative endings, the form of adjective endings, the combinableness of imperative or exclamatory endings, etc. But we could not clearly devide verbs from adjectives by these criteria. So I present some more criteria: the combinableness of ‘-eo iss-’, the tense expression after the combination of predicates and ‘-eoss-’. Secondly, I examine some predicates like ‘mos-nada, jal-nada, mos- saenggida, jal-saenggida, mos-doeda’ and ‘me-mareuda, kang/kkang- mareuda’. Most Korean dictionaries have treated ‘mos-nada, jal-nada, mos-saenggida, jal-saenggida, mos-doeda’ as adjectives. But I insist that these predicates are verbs because they present the present tense when these predicates combine with ‘-eoss-’. Meanwhile, Most Korean dictionaries have treated ‘me-mareuda, kang/kkang -mareuda’ as adjectives. But I insist that these predicates are verbs, because they can combine with ‘-eo iss-’, and because they present the present tense when these predicates combine with ‘-eoss-’.