韓国人日本語学習者の漢字学習の実態と実力調査 -日本関連学科で学ぶ旧JLPT1,2級水準の学習者を対象に-
Study on the Abilities and Actual Status of Korean Students Learning Kanji in Japanese Lessons -An examination of students at the former JLPT 1 and 2 levels-
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초록
本稿は旧JLPT1,2級水準の韓国人日本語学習者を対象として、漢字学習の実態と学習者がどの程度の漢字の 実力を有するかを把握するため、アンケート調査とテストを行った。その結果は次の通りである。 1. 学習者は大学入学以前に漢字の学習経験を有する者が多いものの、漢字学習が実生活に結び付いていない。 2. 学習者は日本文化·日本語に関心があって、高い学習意欲を有し、これが漢字学習の支えになっている。 3. 学習者の85.8％が漢字学習を難しいと回答し、漢字学習の暗記の側面を負担に感じている。また、学習者 は漢字の形態や書くことに注意を向けていない。 4. 大学での指導は「意味と読み方の学習」に重点が置かれており、「書くこと」に関しては学習者個人に任 されている。また、筆順や部首の学習を重視せず、それらを漢字を覚えることに活用しようとしていない。 5. 学習者は指導者に対して、漢字の膨大な暗記事項を何とか克服できる方法を指導してほしいと望んでいる。 6. 漢字の実力について、初等学生基本語彙71語をのうち1級水準の学習者は52語、2級水準の学習者は32語程 度、意味を把握できた。ただし、これは個人差が大きい。また、意味の把握がしやすい漢字としにくい漢 字に傾向差があった。
Abstract
This paper looks at Korean students of Japanese at the former JLPT 1 and 2 levels to understand the actual state of their kanji learning and the extent of their ability to use kanji. To determine this, a questionnaire and an examination were carried out and the results were as follows. 1. Many students had experience of learning kanji before entering university, but their kanji learning was not connected with their actual daily life. 2. Students were interested in Japanese culture and language, and eager to learn, which helped them study kanji. 3. 85.5% of the students responded that they found studying kanji hard, and that memorizing them was a burden. In addition, students tended to lack attention regarding the shapes of kanji or writing them. 4. Instruction at the university is focused on meanings and readings, with how to write them being left up to the individual student. In addition, stroke order and radical study is not emphasized, and these are not being used in teaching how to remember kanji. 5. Students want their instructors to teach them ways to overcome the huge amount of things that need to be memorized for kanji. 6. In terms of kanji ability, out of the 71 standard words for beginners, Level 1 students knew the meanings of 52 words and Level 2 students about 32 words. However, this differs substantially between individuals. In addition, there was a difference in trends between kanji that were easy to understand and kanji that were hard to understand.
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