修身教科書に登場する国民·男女の役割から見る 時代の反映

Abstract

This is a study on the role of the Chosun nationals and the background or circumstances thereto which could be read in the ‘Chosun elementary school Self-Discipline book’ in the 5 cycles during the Japanese colonialism. ‘The elementary school Self-Discipline book’ in the 1st cycle states the duty that “All nationals, male or female should serve the country and the world, and protect their family.” And the book states the same during the 2nd cycle . In the 3rd cycle the book states that “the male nationals should go into battle fields with the arms.” And that “the military forces should ensure the national security”, which represent the Japanese militarism. In the 4th cycle the book also states that “the male nationals should go into battle fields with the arms.” And the book states more about the female nationals on the contrary that “the female nationals should garrison the back” (namely, engage indirectly instead of engaging directly in the battle fields), and encouraged the Japanese militarism by emphasizing that they owed the national security to the Japanese national police and Japanese army. In the 5th cycle the book showed an extreme of the Japanese militarism by evoking that “the male nationals should join the forces as the shields for the Japanese King instead of sticking to themselves or their family, and should inherit their proud history and tradition from the ancestors forever.” And asked that “the male nationals have the duty of serving the army, the navy, and the air force with pride. The book reflected the national reorganization for the wartime system by asking that “The female nationals and children should defend themselves” and by contending that “The national around mobilization and expropriation are essential during its wartime. In conclusion, the roles of the males and females in the Chosun Dynasty era under the Japanese rule are similar to the counterparts of Japan. The contents of the book can be summarized as follows: “the duties for the nation, and for the world” in the 1st and 2nd cycle; “the arms and battle fields” in the 3rd and 4th cycle; “the shield for the Japanese King and the national around mobilization and expropriation.” in the 5th cycle.