문화민주주의와 프랑스의 문화예술 지원정책: 문화 축제를 중심으로
Cultural democracy and cultural policy in France: the case of cultural festival
0
조회
0
다운로드
7
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
In the contemporary world, a new development paradigm is emerging that links the democracy and culture. The main argument about democracy and culture may be grouped around the conflict between two paradigms: the democratization of culture versus cultural democracy. Government cultural policies, notably in France, are mainly steered toward the democratization of culture. A model of cultural democracy may be defined as one founded on free individual choice, in which the role of a cultural policy is not to interfere with the preferences expressed by citizen-consumers but to support the choices made by individuals or social groups through a regulatory policy applied to the distribution of information or the structures of supply, as happens in other types of markets. The modern post of Minister of Culture was created by Charles de Gaulle in 1959. The first Minister André Malraux was responsible for realizing the goals of the “droit à la culture” (“the right to culture”) by democratizing access to culture. To this end, he created numerous regional cultural centers throughout France and actively sponsored the arts. Malraux's artistic tastes included the modern arts and the avant-garde, but on the whole he remained conservative. Under president François Mitterrand the Minister of Culture was Jack Lang who showed himself to be far more open to popular cultural production, including jazz, rock and roll, rap music, graffiti art, cartoons, comic books, fashion and food. His famous phrase “économie et culture, même combat” is representative of his commitment to cultural democracy and to active national sponsorship and participation in cultural production.
Abstract
In the contemporary world, a new development paradigm is emerging that links the democracy and culture. The main argument about democracy and culture may be grouped around the conflict between two paradigms: the democratization of culture versus cultural democracy. Government cultural policies, notably in France, are mainly steered toward the democratization of culture. A model of cultural democracy may be defined as one founded on free individual choice, in which the role of a cultural policy is not to interfere with the preferences expressed by citizen-consumers but to support the choices made by individuals or social groups through a regulatory policy applied to the distribution of information or the structures of supply, as happens in other types of markets. The modern post of Minister of Culture was created by Charles de Gaulle in 1959. The first Minister André Malraux was responsible for realizing the goals of the “droit à la culture” (“the right to culture”) by democratizing access to culture. To this end, he created numerous regional cultural centers throughout France and actively sponsored the arts. Malraux's artistic tastes included the modern arts and the avant-garde, but on the whole he remained conservative. Under president François Mitterrand the Minister of Culture was Jack Lang who showed himself to be far more open to popular cultural production, including jazz, rock and roll, rap music, graffiti art, cartoons, comic books, fashion and food. His famous phrase “économie et culture, même combat” is representative of his commitment to cultural democracy and to active national sponsorship and participation in cultural production.
참고문헌 (26)
- 김경욱, "문화민주주의와 문화정책에 대한 새로운 시각", 문화경제연구, 6(2) (2003)
- 김명섭, "프랑스 제5공화국의 문화정책-프랑수와 미테랑의 집권기를 중심으로", 문화정책논총, 11 (1999)
- 김선미, "프랑스 문화정책 준거의 발전과 문화의 민주화", 인문학연구, (21), pp.139~173 (2012), 인문학연구원
- 문시연, "프랑스문화정책 50년 : 문화 민주화를 중심으로", 프랑스문화예술연구, 30, pp.283~306 (2009), 프랑스문화예술학회
- 서순복, "문화의 민주화와 문화민주주의의 정책적 함의", 한국지방자치연구, 8(3), pp.23~44 (2007), 대한지방자치학회
- 문화가 있는 날 제도적 개선방안, "양혜원", 한국문화관광연구원, ~ (2015)
- 오세정, "프랑스 문화의 정체성과 문화정책", 프랑스문화예술연구, 9, pp.231~248 (2003), 프랑스문화예술학회
- 장세길, "문화민주주의를 넘어 - 전라북도 사례로 살펴본 새로운 문화전략 모색 -", 지역사회연구, 23(2), pp.45~63 (2015), 한국지역사회학회
- 진인혜, "프랑스 문화정책의 역사", 한국프랑스학논집, 59, pp.303~324 (2007), 한국프랑스학회
- 하상복, "프랑스 사회당 정부의 문화정책-군주제와 공화제 원리의 공존-", 문화정책논총, 17 (2005)
- A. Chatzimanassis, "La démocratie culturelle: un autre modèle de politique culturelle", ~ (2014)
- A. Girard, "Développement culturel: expérience et politiques" (1982), Unesco
- Beyond Garrets and Silos: Concepts, Trends and Developments in Cultural Planning, "B. Greg", ~ (2002)
- Cahiers français, "Culture et société" (1993), La documentation française
- J. Caune, "La culture en action, De Vilar à Lang: le sens perdu" (1999), Presse Universitaires de Grenoble
- J. Langsted, "Double Strategies in a Modern Cultural Policy", The Journal of Arts Management, Law, and Society, 19(4) (1990)
- L. Santerre, "Démocratisation de la culture ou démocratie culturelle? Deux logiques d’action publique", pp.2000, Editions IQRC
- M. Bellefleur, "Démocratisation de la culture ou démocratie culturelle? Deux logiques d’action publique", pp.2000, Editions IQRC
- M. Claude, "Le 5e pouvoir: la culture et l'Etat de Malraux à Lang" (1999), Armand Colin
- M. François, "Balancing Act: Twenty-One Strategic Dilemmas in Cultural Policy" (1999), Council of Europe
- P. Bourdieu, "L'amour de l'art. Les musées d'art européens et leur public" (1969), Les Editions de Minuit
- P. Poirrier, "La démocratie, patrimoine et projet" (2006), Edition Universitaires de Dijon
- P. Poirrier, "La politique culturelle en débat" (2013), Documentation française
- P. Poirrier, "Les politiques culturelles en France" (2002), L Documentation françaises
- Unesco, "Recommandation numéro 1 d'Eurocult", Conférence intergouvernementale sur les politiques culturelles en Europe (1996)
- W. J. Bomol, "Performing Arts-The Economic Dilemma" (1966), The MIT Press