『廣漢和辭典』의 国訓 考察 -土部⋅水部⋅言部를 대상으로-

Abstract

This study deals with 84 instances of Kokkun(Japanese usage) of 62 Chinesecharcters in To-bu, Sui-bu, and Gen-bu of Kō-kanwajiten(広漢和辞典). At first, I compared these instances with those of Dai-kanwajiten(大漢和辞典),a current large-size Hanzi-Japanese dictionary and Kanjikai(漢辞海), a medium-sizedictionary. As a result, only 50% of instances in the former and 30% in the latterare recognized as Japanese Usages. From this result, we can conclude that thecategory of Japanese usage of Hanzi is treated differently in these dictionaries. Only14 instances are recognized as a Kokkun by all of them. Second, I investigated these Hanzis in Zushoryōbon Ruizhumyōgishō(図書寮本類聚名義抄) which was compiled at the beginning of the 12th century, andKanchiinbon Ruizhumyōgishō(觀智院本類聚名義抄) which was compiled at the endof the 12th century. Only in 15% and 25% of these Hanzis, respectively, the same Kunsas those of Kō-kanwajiten were found. However we can not decide clearly whetherthese Kuns mean the same things as the corresponding Kokkuns of Kō-kanwajiten,because these dictionaries did not recorded explanation about each word. Third, I made a comparison with Nihonkokugo dai-jiten(日本国語大事典), arepresentative large-size Japanese dictionary. This dictionary includes 67 examples,in other words, 80% of words are recorded. I confirmed that the meaning of eachword is the same as that of Kō-kanwajiten. However there are 9 examples whichare recorded as having the same meaning, but Hanzi was not recorded, and 3 Kokkunexamples are not recorded as a headword. Finally I examined Genkai(言海) which was compiled at the 19th century in theabove-mentioned way. As a result, 60% of examples are recorded as Kokkun andheadword. However 40% of examples are not. I assume that it is due to the lackof coherence between the corresponding Hanzi and Kun(Japanese meaning) in the19th century.