日中両言語における動詞の対応関係について－日本語の漢語動詞を中心に－

Abstract

In Japanese language, Sino-Japanese verb is made of Chinese character and suffix [suru]. Generally Sino-Japanese verb can be explained by corresponding to its homologous character in Chinese. However Sino-Japanese verb can be translated in various ways. Depending on the grammar of homologous character [suru] can be abbreviated. Homologous character of Sino-Japanese function not only verb but also as noun. It’s common to see that in certain cases homologous character of Sino-Japanese verb in Chinese is not a verb. Generally in Japanese and Chinese [suru] corresponds to Chinese verb [zuo]. Meanwhile [zuo] can translated in other verb such as [da], [xia], [qu], [chuan, shenzhuo] and [jinxing] etc. Verbalized [suru] implies events, behaviors and actions as causative verb. In addition, it functions as suffix to verbalize nouns leading to wider applications. Chinese [zuo] corresponded to [suru] mean of behaviors and actions are used more than a suffix. In the case of Sino-Japanese as transitive verb, its homologous Chinese character can be used independently without [zuo] but [da], [xia], [qu], [chuan, shenzhuo] and [jinxing] etc . Involving grammer and meaning aspects, the differences between Japanese and Chinese are clear. It’s not well explained until now so studies are important for comprehensive understanding.