양식업제도의 변천에 관한 연구

Abstract

The first formal modernistic fishery laws founded in Korea is the Eoeobbeob Act that was established on November 11, 1908 and enforced from April, 1908. This laws prescribed the second number licensed fishery as the fishery digging clams, gathering seaweeds or cultivating fishes within a fixed area; thus, the aquaculture became belonged to the second number licensed fishery together with the fishery digging clams and gathering seaweeds. The Eoeobbeob Act was promulgated on June 3, 1911 and come into enforcement from April, 1912 under Japanese occupation. In the Act, the second number licensed fishery prescribed the cultivating fishery by partitioning the certain water surface. In the Chosun Eoeoblyeong Act established on January 26, 1929 and come into enforcement from May, 1930, the aquacultural fishery prescribed the cultivating fishery by partitioning the certain water surface and installing the other facilities. The laws had maintained the validity 8 years after Japanese occupation, until the Fishery Act came into enforcement from December 9, 1953. The Fisheries Act established on September 9, 1953 was basically very similar with Chosun Eoeoblyeong Act. Even until 1950s, the aquaculture held the extremely lower proportion in the total fishing production; however, mostly the laver culture. Since 1960s, the government positively has supported the aquaculture by licensing a private person the fishery right because the fishing industries showed a bright prospect as an exporting industry. However, the productivity of fishery ground became lower and the worse environment of fishing ground was produced in terms of a long term consecutive cultivation and a dense culture. The government support and the worse environment of fishing ground caused influence on the aquaculture related laws. In 2020s, presently, The aquaculture accounted for about two thirds of fish catches, and one third in the value of fish catches. Korean aquaculture began from the laver culture, at present, various species such as oyster, abalone, laver, sea mustard, tangle, flounder, rockfish, red sea bream and sea squirt have been cultivated, and the methods of cultivation are diverse. Recently, the government established the Aquaculture Industry Development Act to improve the legal system and contrive the sustainable aquaculture development for the support the aquaculture by separating the aquaculture from Fisheries Act The Laws was established on August 27, 2019 and have come into enforce since August 28, 2020. The numerous legal names have altered through establishment of the laws. The present study was performed by perusing the laws for the aquaculture and its literature, and has desired to help the aquaculture industry development through arranging the evolution of aquaculture related laws and regulations.