임대주택시장에 있어서 공공임대주택정책의 역할에 관한 연구 － 한국과 일본의 비교분석을 중심으로 －

Abstract

This paper analyzes the role of the public rental housing policy in the rental housing markets in Korea and Japan. The study shows that in Korea, with the sharp rises of the rental housing (‘choensei’) prices following the global financial crisis in 2007, the housing stability of low-income households has consistently deteriorated. At the same time, the supply of public rental housing has consistently decreased, so the analysis shows that the public rental housing policy has not played the expected roles in the rental housing markets. The paper points out that the existing housing policy had a limitation that it was not diversified enough so as to individually target and connect among the various housing groups effectively. Against this backdrop, the new ‘Bogeumjari’ housing policy introduced in 2009 has acknowledged the role of the public sector in the public rental housing market, and reinforced and diversified the links between the existing and the new public housings. However, the Bogeumjari policy is not effective enough in supplying the public rental housing appropriately due to the lack of the strategies that vary depending on various groups and income-levels. In Japan, on the other hand, the private rental housing market faces the problems of uncomfortably narrow housing and restricted rentals for disadvantaged households. To address these problems, the Japanese government adopts the public rental housing policy that provides a housing safety net and regulates the private rental housing markets. They enforce various strategies to provide the housing safety net, such as reinforcing a fair and accurate housing supply for low-income households, providing financial supports to aid residents and improve the quality of rental houses, and promoting flexible modifications in the existing use of unoccupied rental houses, thereby ensuring that the rental housing policy can achieve its goals. Based on these analyses, the present study shows that it is necessary to diversify the policy strategies for the successful application of the public rental housing policy.