한국・일본 전통 상류주택의 비물질적 표현특성 비교

Abstract

To the extent of this study, focused on the aspects of material, form, and space, traditional upper-class house in Korea and Japan will be analyzed; the characteristics of nonmaterial expression are concluded as follows. 1. The similar appearances were presented in Korean’ and Japanese’ house in the intervals between rooms in aspects of material and space. In the material aspect, the expressions of breaking boundary was detected in both architect styles, using Han-ji and Wa-si, which share features of transparency. At the open of windows and doors, both houses represent such characteristics in the intervals, being embodied of visual communication with spaces directly. However, at the close of windows and doors, the spatial decomposition is observed in Korean house whereas the condition is hardly built in Japanese house, applying thick Husuma. Meanwhile, there are distinct differences of Korea and Japan found in formal aspect, in between interior and exterior area, and in between exterior and another exterior area. To sum up these discriminative conditions; Korea has non-material expression developed depicting models from nature as they exist or using the method that allows one to accept the nature as it is. On the contrary, Japan has its characteristic based on the contrast of figuration, cut-off in outside the nature, or placement of fabricated nature beside the area. In this perspective, Koreans’ expressions are observed to have a raw feature, however, Japanese’ are appeared to conceive the traits built upon artificial modification. Fundamentally, Korean built the house after constructing a village based on the relationship between surrounding environment, contrary to Japan from whose style is not deduced such architectural psychology based on a relationship among the nature and the village as Korea. 2. In the ideological background, Wuwei Ziran—letting nature be, leaving the nature as it is— exists in Korea and Mu-zou-kan—a view of life as something transient and empty—in Japan, and Korean spaces naturally represent characteristics of circular and mutual—non-selfish—space constituted on the link of overall relationship beyond boundaries. Consequently, Japanese space differentiates its traits of independent, non-circular, and own selfish space from Korea. It is very important and necessary to establish for the Korean traditional House's excellency with multidirectional objectification of Korean traditional space's characteristics. And this paper presents the findings obtained from the investigation of immaterial peculiarities retained in the Japanese traditional House of upper class, on the base of the preceding research -residence of the gentility in the Korean Joseon Dynasty.