일원제 자치경찰제도 도입 모델에 대한 자치성 검토

Abstract

The Moon Jae-in administration has continuously been discussing the introduction of the autonomous police system, and the 21st National Assembly announced the introduction of a unified autonomous police system by retreating from the regional autonomous police system that had been working in discussion so far. Although the introduction was announced as a legislative bill by the National Assembly, it can be regarded as a common bill of the government and the National Assembly for it is pushed ahead through consultations with the government. The unified self-governing police system is to introduce a system in which the national police agency deals with the affairs of self-governing police, unlike the existing self-governing police system, which was reviewed to strengthen existing local autonomy. It is questionable whether the unified self-governing police system really fits with local autonomy. In other words, it is doubtful if it is possible to say that it is the autonomous police that the national police agency handles some of the local police affairs related to life safety as autonomous affairs. Local autonomy is responsible for the welfare of local residents with its own independent will. In the modern democratic society, all local residents cannot directly participate in their local affairs, so a person with local representativeness is elected to deal with those affairs. Therefore, it is local autonomy that local residents‘ intentions are directly reflected in their local affairs and the local affairs are handled independently. However, the unified self-governing police system legislation being currently in the works is a system in which the national police agency of the central government copes with the affairs of the self-governing police without a method for direct participation of local residents. Autonomous police affairs use the expression of local self-governing police, but its executive agency is the government, and the government is also in charge of administrative agency. In order for a true self-government police system to be completed, local residents should participate in self-governing police affairs on their own and local government should have its responsibility. Therefore, it is questionable whether the unified self-governing police system really fits with local autonomy. This study reviewed the legislative bill proposed by the National Assembly from the perspective of local autonomy.