한국 자치경찰제의 도입 모형:정부안(홍익표의원 대표발의안) 검토를 중심으로

Abstract

The autonomous police system bill of the Moon Jae-in government is judged not to be enough, compared to what has been said like a ‘federal-level autonomous police system’. And the reason for this is because of the situation where public strongly trust in the National Police System and the policing situation is perceived as stable internationally, especially political interests are complicated. The legislation takes an overly defensive stance on the weakening status of the organization and function of the National Police in the dualization of the policing system for the introduction of autonomous police. By designing a double-structured model that would allow national and municipal police to overlap at a single policing site, the resulting confusion and delay in response could cause inefficiency in policing and civil unrest. The self-governing police system shall be clearly divided according to the jurisdiction of the district and the police affairs, and the extensive authority of the autonomous police shall be recognized. It is not desirable to fully implement in the nationwide at once, but desirable to have a metropolitan police system centered on Seoul Metropolitan City and Busan Metropolitan City and big cities of that sizes in South Korea. We cannot help but consider the fact that local governments have a wide gap in their fiscal self-sufficiency between Special and Metropolitan Cities and the rest of the general provinces. In the mid-and long-term, it is desirable to secure stable tax sources, such as redistribution of police budgets, rather than relying on the central government's local subsidies or state subsidies. Realization of the National Police Committee is also necessary. The method of forming the National Police Committee is a design that has still failed to dispel the government's intervention in police as it is now. The National Police Committee should be redesigned to play a practical role as a democratic governing organization for the police. In addition, it is necessary to enhance the functions of the National Police Agency through the reorganization of its headquarters unit, thereby enhancing the functions of the National Police Agency in quality according to the quantitative reduction. This is because the implementation of the self-governing police system should be a motive to further strengthen the expertise of the national police, which will create synergy effects from the dualization of the national police and the local police. With the introduction of the self-governing police system, measures should be fundamentally prepared to strengthen the responsibilities of heads of local governments, which have become even stronger in the structure of local general administrations. It calls for strengthening the role of Local Councils to monitor and control irregularities, corruption and administrative irregularities, including the abuse of police power by local government chiefs. This is because strengthening the fundamental autonomy of local general governments is a prerequisite for the success of the autonomous police system.