탈북민 문학의 현황과 전망 -『망명 북한 작가 PEN 문학』을 중심으로-

Abstract

This study starts with the awareness of the problem that the most important keyword in the study of North Korean defectors' literature is to clarify the consciousness of North Korean defectors contained in North Korean defectors' literature. This study examined the consciousness of North Korean defectors in the work in which North Korean defectors were the main subjects based on the works published in a total of five <PEN Literature>, an asylum North Korean writer. The characteristics analyzed through this are as follows. First, it can be seen that the direction of the Asylum North Korean Writers Pen Center and the Asylum North Korean Writers PEN Literature magazine is consistently created under the sense of purpose of introducing and improving North Korea's human rights issues. Second, <PEN Literature>, a North Korean writer of asylum, has a reality-based genre such as handwriting, non-fiction novels, and essays containing the experience of defection. Third, <PEN Literature, an asylum-defecting North Korean writer>, shows that not only North Korean defectors but also established Korean writers who are interested in the reality of division and North Korean defectors play a role as assistants in North Korean defectors' literature. Fourth, <PEN Literature>, an asylum-seeking North Korean writer, contains records and papers on various North Korean literature as well as creations, enabling a synchronic and public review of North Korean literature. Fifth, the works published in <PEN Literature, a writer of asylum North Korea>, are characterized by many overlapping short stories or literary magazines. Based on the above analysis results, this paper sought the direction in which the North Korean defectors' literary activities should proceed. First of all, North Korean defectors' literature should start with literature led by North Korean defectors themselves. Now, it is necessary to find the possibility of new North Korean defectors' literature by showing various spectra that take root as members of South Korean society, away from the content of testifying to the biological experience of North Korean defectors. Above all, it is expected that he will boldly show his critical view of South Korean society as a guard. In the end, the success or failure of North Korean defectors' literature depends on whether North Korean defectors themselves can express their self-consciousness to the outside without distorting it. In the future, North Korean refugee literature should continue to make efforts to shape a typical figure that can show the universality of diaspora and the specificity of North Korean defectors as a whole.