안보․자율성 교환 모델을 적용한 한․미 간 동맹조약 분석-조미수호통상조약과 한미상호방위조약을 중심으로 -
Analysis of ROK-US Alliance Treaties Applying Autonomy-Security Trade-off Model -Focusing on Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States of America and Corea and Mutual Defense Treaty between the Republic of Korea and the United States of America-
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The purpose of this study is to analyze the alliance treaty between Korea and the United States – focusing on the above 2 treaties - in order to verify what factor weakened the autonomy of small state, Joseon (Korea) by applying autonomy-security trade-off model. We can deduct the similarities and differences through analysis. By looking at the similarities, first, two treaties are unequal to Joseon(Korea). Most-favored-nation treatment was inserted into a treaty and this made Joseon’s national interest deprived of by Powers. OPCON over ROK troops was transferred to the U.S. and the U.S. troops was guaranteed to be stationed in Korea. Both treaties weakened the judicial authority of Joseon(Korea) by recognizing extraterritorial rights. These violated autonomy of Joseon(Korea). Second, Through the conclusion of the treaty, Joseon(Korea) was trying to protect the country by using power of the U.S. Third, the strengthened influence of the U.S. damaged Joseon(Korea)’s autonomy. By looking at the differences, first, the purpose of the treaties was different between Joseon(Korea) and the U.S. Second, revision date in Treaty of Amity and Commerce was specified. But revision date in Mutual Defense Treaty was not specified and this restricted the ROK’s opportunity to restore autonomy. The policy implications are as follows. First, the small state should have strategic leverage. Second, the small state should be far-sighted and reciprocal in concluding treaties. Third, the small state raises negotiator who has international sense and strategic mind. And the small state has system that can master international law and norms to enhance bargaining power for equal treaties.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the alliance treaty between Korea and the United States – focusing on the above 2 treaties - in order to verify what factor weakened the autonomy of small state, Joseon (Korea) by applying autonomy-security trade-off model. We can deduct the similarities and differences through analysis. By looking at the similarities, first, two treaties are unequal to Joseon(Korea). Most-favored-nation treatment was inserted into a treaty and this made Joseon’s national interest deprived of by Powers. OPCON over ROK troops was transferred to the U.S. and the U.S. troops was guaranteed to be stationed in Korea. Both treaties weakened the judicial authority of Joseon(Korea) by recognizing extraterritorial rights. These violated autonomy of Joseon(Korea). Second, Through the conclusion of the treaty, Joseon(Korea) was trying to protect the country by using power of the U.S. Third, the strengthened influence of the U.S. damaged Joseon(Korea)’s autonomy. By looking at the differences, first, the purpose of the treaties was different between Joseon(Korea) and the U.S. Second, revision date in Treaty of Amity and Commerce was specified. But revision date in Mutual Defense Treaty was not specified and this restricted the ROK’s opportunity to restore autonomy. The policy implications are as follows. First, the small state should have strategic leverage. Second, the small state should be far-sighted and reciprocal in concluding treaties. Third, the small state raises negotiator who has international sense and strategic mind. And the small state has system that can master international law and norms to enhance bargaining power for equal treaties.
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