한미상호방위조약 체결을 위한 이승만 정부의 협상전략

Abstract

The objective of this research analyses regarding Syngman Rhee Government's bargaining strategy for the ROK-US Mutual Defense Treaty. The currently critical security issues, such as the ROK Navy Ship Cheonan sinking event, 2015 years scheduled wartime operational control transition, the new vision strategic alliance 2015, demand realignment of the ROK-US alliance role and relationship. To accomplish this, the alliance's origins and the change process since has been formed originally required for the study. In particular, the start of the alliance, a mutual defense treaty, is essential for the analysis. In other words, it is suggestive that bilateral interactions between the ROK-US and the Syngman Rhee Government's bargaining strategy in the process of a conclusion of mutual defense treaty even if the time has much passed. In sum, the conflictual international order represented by the Korea War and vulnerable resource mobilization capability of the ROK in that time reduced the bargaining power of the Syngman Rhee Government in the course of the ROK-US Mutual Defense Treaty negotiation. However, despite the negative impact of these factors, Syngman Rhee Government used for resistance bargaining strategy in response to the United States's indirect pressure, such as brinkmanship and bluffing. The objective of this strategy for the US was trying to obtain maximum yield. In contrast, under direct pressure such as withdrawal of the US troops, the ROK Government used compliance and resistance strategy. Such flexible and cross political strategy was able to made the conclusion of the ROK-US Mutual Defense Treaty. Hereafter, the ROK will confront simultaneously in the North Korea's direct threat including asymmetrical weapon and nuclear weapons, with potential threat to the surrounding faced at the same time such as escalation of territorial conflict by neighboring, terror by hostile actor etc. In addition, due to defense reform and the wartime control transition conditions, the ROK defense policies will vary considerably. Under these circumstances, there is need to set pre-situation and need to develop appropriate coping strategies for the enlargement of security autonomy. Currently the ROK is the world's top 10 economies and international environment is also considering the vantage point of view compared with that time, it is necessary to appreciate again Syngman Rhee Government's negotiating strategy for achieving the ROK-US Mutual Defense Treaty.