원효의 수행사상: 『성유식론』의 唯識四智와 『기신론소』의 始覺四位 중심으로

Abstract

This study specifically explains the hierarchy of initial enlightenment mentioned in Awakening of Mahāyāna Faith by mentioning the four marks (4相) and four stages (4位) in Gisillon so by Wonhyo, and comparative study was conducted the process from nonenlightenment to ultimate enlightenment with the four kinds of cognition (4智) of consciousness- only, and Wonhyo's asceticism thought shown in Gisillon so was organized. In Gisillon so, 4位 was arranged into 4 meanings, and the four kinds of cognition were also arranged accordingly. Comparing these two levels, it can be seen that they are mostly the same for the enlightened person, that is, the level of ascetic practice and the governing of consciousness. On the other hand, in terms of the object of enlightenment and the benefit of enlightenment, similarities and differences are mixed. Looking at the characteristics of the four marks(4相) and four stages (4位) of Gisillon so, first, Wonhyo presents his own unique method of practice by adding Huayan and Pure Land thought to the ideas of Awakening of Mahāyāna Faith. Second, it can be seen that he has both perfect and sudden cessation and contemplation (圓頓止觀) and gradual stilling and insight (漸次止觀)practice. Although there is a distinction between deep and shallow four marks, it is said that there are four marks in enlightenment at the same time, which can be said to be the practice of gradual stilling and insight based on the idea of Buddha-nature that is already enlightened. On the other hand, there is gradual stilling and insight to clarify the state of one's mind and consciousness closely in the state of seven and eight consciousness beyond the basic six consciousness.