원효 초기 심식관의 사상적 배경과 회통 논리 - 유식과 유심 회통을 중심으로 -

Abstract

The logic of mind and consciousness in Wonhyo (元曉, 617-686)’s early works is based on those of self-awareness of early Yogācāra and Pramāṇasamuccaya. Based on this logic, Wonhyo reconciles both the view that manas takes alaya consciousness itself as the object of cognition and the view that it takes the six objects manifested in the seeds of alaya consciousness as the objects of cognition, so that both can be regarded as the cognizing aspect and objective part within a mind (consciousness). Furthermore, the logic of self-cognition in the theory of three parts is reconciled with the understanding of mind-only and one’s own mind in the Awakening of Faith and the Laṅkâvatāra-sūtra respectively. To this end, the analogy of a mirror is utilized. That is, the scheme of consciousness-only that all images are born from seeds of the alaya consciousness and manifested in the bright mirror of alaya consciousness is intersected in perspective with the understanding of the Awakening of Faith, which states that “all dharmas are like the image in a mirror, that they are mind-only.” As for the reconciliation method, in the ultimate horizon, the ground for reconciliation is suggested as “the principle of causes and conditions, as it is standing aloof, such that it has no foundation, empty and free from obscuration.” Likewise, on the horizon of middle way between existence and non-existence, the theories of consciousness-only and mind-only are reconciled into two aspects of one truth—non-existence and no non-existence, nominal existence and provisional non-existence. In this way, based on the premise of hermeneutic horizons such as one mind and emptiness, Wonhyo presents a reconciliatory logic in which the two discussions are not contradictory because they describe the existence or nonexistence in different aspects (meaning) according to the principle of causes and conditions.