일본의 인터넷 쇼핑 실태에 관한 연구: 쇼핑동기, 지각위험, 혁신성을 중심으로
Internet Shopping in Japan: Shopping motivation, Perceived Risks, and Innovativeness
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초록
일본 전체 전자상거래 시장 규모는 2006년에 15조엔을 넘었고, 2009년에 B2C 인터넷쇼핑 규모는 6조 5,700억엔을 넘는 등 지속적으로 확대되고 있다. 일본의 대표적인 인터넷 쇼핑 업체로는 락쿠텐을 들 수 있다. 락쿠텐은 인터넷 쇼핑 시장에서 45%의 점유율을 보이고 있고, 등록된 상점 수만 7만개가 넘는다. 사이트내의 과장 광고에 대한 규제및 판매자에 대한 철저한 사전 통제로 소비자들의 높은 신뢰를 받고 있다. 일본 소비자들은 새로운 기술에 대한 수용과 동화가 빠른 편이고, 인터넷과 모바일 통신 사용률이높다. 본 논문에서는 우리의 이웃이면서 큰 인터넷 쇼핑 시장이 있는 일본의 온라인 쇼핑 실태에 대해서 분석하였다. 즉, 인터넷 쇼핑 동기, 인터넷 쇼핑 지각 위험, 인터넷 쇼핑 혁신성 등에 따른 인터넷 쇼핑 이용의도, 만족도, 추천의도 등과 인구통계학적 특성을 고려해 살펴보았다. 총 464부 설문지에 대해 SPSS를 활용하여 빈도분석, 요인분석,신뢰도 분석, 분산분석 등이 이루어졌다. 분석 결과 이용의도는 연령이 높을수록 높았고,만족도는 주부가, 추천의도는 월 평균 소득이 높을수록 높았다. 또한 혁신성이 높은 집단일수록 이용 빈도, 만족도, 추천의도, 지속 사용의도가 높았다. 인터넷 쇼핑 동기와 관련해서는 여성과 주부의 쾌락적 동기가 높았고, 월 평균 소득이 높을수록 경제적 동기가높았다. 또한 혁신성이 높은 집단이 경제적, 편의적, 쾌락적, 사회적 인터넷 쇼핑 동기모두 높은 평균값을 보였다. 또한 학생일수록, 여성일수록, 소득수준이 낮을수록 인터넷쇼핑 지각된 위험을 높게 평가하는 것으로 나타났으며 혁신성 정도가 낮은 집단이 역시지각된 위험을 높게 평가하였다. 끝으로 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 향후 일본 전자상거래에 진출하고자 하는 우리나라 기업에 실무적인 시사점을 제시하였다.
Abstract
The market size of e-Commerce in Japan was 15 trillion Yen in 2006, andB2C Internet shopping sales were over 6.57 trillion in 2009. Lakuten is a representativeInternet shopping company whose market share is 45%. Lakuten hasover 70,000 online stores and Japanese shoppers trust them based on the faircompetition rule and pre-control system on e-commerce. Japanese consumersaccept new technology rapidly and highly use Internet and mobile channel. Thisresearch analyse online shopping behaviors of Japan, a big e-commerce market. Internet shopping intention, satisfaction, and recommendation by Internet shoppingmotivations, perceived risks, shopping innovativeness were analyzed. Aquestionnaire survey of 464 Japanese consumer was performed and ANOVA,factor analysis, reliability test have done by SPSS 12.0. As the results, Internetshopping intentions were higher in groups of olders, higher innovativeness. House wives' satisfaction of Internet shopping is highest. High innovativenessgroup showed higher internet shopping motivation of economics, connivence,hedonic, and social. Student, women, and low income group perceives high risksto Internet shopping. Implications and further researches were suggested based onthe results.
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