소상공인 사회재난보험에 관한 소고 -지수형 정책보험 도입 검토를 중심으로 -

Abstract

During the COVID-19 period, Disaster relief funds were paid to small business owners who suffered actual losses due to social distancing in accordance with the Act on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases. However, “blind spots” occurred in sales, industry, number of employees, period of business suspension and closure, unregistered business operators, and vulnerable groups. As a solution, the need for customized package insurance for small business owners was raised. The process of spreading social disasters such as paralysis of the national infrastructure due to fire accidents, explosion accidents, marine accidents, gas accidents, traffic accidents, collapse accidents, and destruction of infrastructure, terrorism, environmental pollution accidents, radioactivity accidents, infectious disease epidemics, and the spread of livestock infectious diseases. In cases where small business owners suffer damage, it appears that compensation through insurance can be considered as a policy option. For example, it is necessary to consider the introduction of index-type insurance, in which insurance benefits are automatically paid when a pre-determined indicator meets certain conditions when an insured event occurs. However, in the case of a surge in energy costs, it is necessary to compare and review methods of compensating through insurance and utilizing the rate reduction system due to the nature of the risk linked to global price fluctuations. In the United States and Western European countries, discussions are underway to introduce social disaster insurance centered on private insurance companies in preparation for pandemic risks, and due to the wide scope of the risk, the government has to insure damages exceeding the insurance company's underwriting capacity or provide policy support. We are moving towards supporting a portion of insurance premiums. Considering the fairness of support for small business owners, the appropriateness of the scale of support, and prompt support, the introduction of index-type policy insurance is judged to be a useful measure in Korea. When the index-type policy insurance method is linked to disaster relief funds due to social disasters, it is expected to contribute to preventing unnecessary controversy regarding the target and scale of support. In this article, in order to introduce social disaster insurance tailored to small business owners, we proposed a plan to establish the basis for the insurance and mutual aid system in the Act on the Protection and Support of Small Business Owners and have the association operate the mutual aid system. However, since storm and flood insurance is mainly sold by private insurance companies, multifaceted discussions are needed regarding the actual operation method. In addition, it is necessary to select the operation method of insurance and mutual aid by analyzing the operational advantages and disadvantages of other policy insurance such as storm and flood damage insurance. In particular, issues of equity regarding insurance premium support limited to small business owners, whether the national financial budget can be covered, comparative review with insurance operation plans centered on private insurance companies, and review of appropriate response measures to operational variables in the insurance system. must come first.