조선후기 관찰사의 수령 겸직과 판관의 역할

Abstract

This study conducted a concrete examination on the process to implement Gyeommokje (adjunct governor inspector system to serve for the position of magistrate), in order to consider the structure and actual aspect of the local governance system in the late period of the Joseon Age. First, there were constant disputes of pros and cons over the implementation of Gyeommokje, for a long period of time, during the mid-period of the 15th century. Those who advocated the implementation of the system tried to minimize the bad elements caused by going on a patrol and establish a stable governance system. In contrast, those who opposed the system took the issue with heavy work amount caused by additional position, the infringement of impartiality of Jeonchoe (affairs that governor inspector oversees the deeds of magistrate to report about them to king) and side effects caused by the minimizing role of patrol. But after the 17th century when governor inspector undertook the greater role as ruler rather than the role as patrol, the method for gradually expanding the implementation of Gyeommokje, according to each local circumstance was discussed. Second, in the case of Gangwondo, Gyeommokje had been entirely implemented only within the periods, from 1448 (30th year since King Sejong reigned) to 1454 (2nd year since King Danjong reigned), in the pre- and post- 1519 (14th year since King Jungjeong reigned) when Gimyosahwa (confucian scholars including Jo Gwang-jo suffered massacre) took place, and in 1760 (36th year since King Yeongjo reigned). As Guimje and Solgwonje (the system to remain in office and have governor inspector’s families stay in the post) were implemented simultaneously, governor inspector carried out his work, for a longer period of time, than average period. There occurred a change that life space for governor inspector and his family was arranged in provincial office. Lastly, the introduction of Gyeommokje made Gangwondo governor inspector serve for the position as Wonju Governor. Yet, the actual governance over Wonju governor officer was implemented by Wonju Pangwan. Accordingly, personal information about Wonju Pangwan was recorded in Local Officials on Wonju regions. There was a difference in government rank, between Wonju Governor and Wonju Pangwan, which made military and formal authorities given to Wonju Governor delegated to Hoenseong Magistrate. Wonju Pangwan took the place of only the administrative and judical authorities.