탈북민 정착지원 체계의 개선: 현황과 과제

Abstract

It is important to discuss the policy support necessary for North Korean migrants, who have left the North with wounded bodies and minds, to adapt and become self-sufficient citizens in South Korean society. This study focuses on how to create a socio-economic foundation for North Korean migrants to live as dignified members of Korean society, examining the current settlement support system for migrants, key support systems, and the identification and support systems for crisis households among migrants. According to the analysis of this study, to improve the system for proactively identifying North Korean migrants in crisis situations, it is necessary to expand the scope of both the target population and the entities responsible for identification. Additionally, efforts are needed to enhance the integration, accountability, and professionalism of the support delivery system for crisis households among migrants. In particular, to improve the integration of the delivery system, close information linkage between public institutions and between public and private sectors is required. To increase accountability in the delivery system, a shift from centralization to a collaborative governance model involving central, local, and private sectors is necessary. Furthermore, to ensure professionalism in the delivery system, the strengthening of professional counselors and integrated case management is essential. Regarding the adjustment of the delivery system for support services for North Korean migrants in crisis, it is necessary to establish and operate a collaborative governance that connects the public support system at the government level with the support system at the private level. In addition, alongside legal and institutional improvements for the settlement support system for migrants, there must be a change in the perception of South Korean society towards North Korean migrants.