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코로나19로 인한 고교 태권도 선수들의운동 스트레스와 경쟁상태불안, 학습된 무기력

High School Taekwondo Players’ Exercise Stress, Competitive State Anxiety, Learned Helplessness due to COVID-19

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[목적] 본 연구는 코로나19로 인해 고교 태권도 선수들의 운동 스트레스가 경쟁상태불안, 학습된 무기력에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 규명하여 기초자료를 제공하는데 목적이 있다. [방법] 대한태권도협회에 선수 등록을 하고 전국 규모 태권도 대회에 다수 참가한 경험이 있는 고교 태권도 선수 377명에게 설문지를 배포・회수하였다. 회수된 설문지 중 중복기재 하였거나 불성실한 응답을 한 자료 21부를 제외한 356부를 최종분석에 사용하였다. 또한, 양적 연구로는 한계가 있는 연구결과 보완을 위해 연구에 참여한 377명 중 7명의 선수를 무작위로 선정하여 심층 면담을 진행하였다. 자료 분석은 양적 자료는 SPSS/AMOS 23.0을 이용하여 다중회귀분석을 하였으며, 심층면담을 통해 수집한 질적 자료는 귀납적 내용분석 절차에 따라 분석하였다. [결과] 첫째, 운동 스트레스는 경쟁상태불안에 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 운동 스트레스는 학습된 무기력에 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 경쟁상태불안은 학습된 무기력에 영향을 미쳤다. 넷째, 선수들은 코로나19로 인해 시합이 연기・취소되면서 시합에 대한 기대와 운동을 포기하거나 과제 수행에 대한 지속성 결여와 같은 학습된 무기력 증상을 보였다. [결론] 코로나19가 고교 태권도 선수들의 운동 스트레스와 경쟁상태불안을 유발하고 이것이 학습된 무기력의 증가로 이어지는 순환적인 구조로 작용하고 있었다. 따라서 지도자들은 다양한 심리 기술훈련과 상담을 통해 선수들에 대한 지속적인 관심과 지지가 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단된다.

Abstract

[Purpose] This study aims to provide basic data by identifying how the exercise stress of high school Taekwondo players affects competitive state anxiety and learned helplessness due to COVID-19. [Method] Questionnaires were distributed and collected to 377 high school Taekwondo players who registered as athletes with the Korea Taekwondo Association and participated in a number of national Taekwondo competitions. 356 copies of the collected questionnaires were used for the final analysis, excluding 21 duplicate or insincerely responses. In addition, 7 players from 377 participants were randomly selected to conduct in-depth interview to supplement the research results with limited quantitative research. For quantitative data, multiple regression analyses were conducted using SPSS/AMOS 23.0. Qualitative data collected through in-depth interview were analyzed in accordance with inductive content analysis procedures. [Results] First, exercise stress affects competitive state anxiety. Second, exercise stress affects learned helplessness. Third, competitive state affects learned helplessness. Fourth, players showed symptoms of learned helplessness, such as giving up expectations and actions for the game or lack of persistence in performing the task, as the game was postponed or canceled due to COVID-19. [Conclusion] COVID-19 was acting as a circular structure that caused exercise stress and competitive state anxiety among high school Taekwondo players, which led to an increase in learned helplessness. Therefore, it is believed that leaders should continue to pay attention and support to the players through various psychological technology training and counseling.

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