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Does Taekwondo improve physical fitness in adults older than 50?: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Purpose This systematic review and meta-analysis study aimed to assess the effect of Taekwondo training on improving physical fitness in adults older than 50. Methods We used the electronic databases including PubMed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, RISS, NDSL, and KISS, between January 1967 and March 2020 using the keywords “Taekwondo” AND “physical fitness” in Korean or English. The effect size using standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals was calculated for these variables to make comparisons between studies. Results Thirty-one studies were included in the final meta-analysis. Significant positive effects of Taekwondo training were found on body fat (SMD=0.43), body mass index (SMD=0.21), body weight (SMD=0.30), static balance (SMD=-0.79), flexibility of lower body (SMD=-0.40), aerobic capacity (SMD=-0.47), agility (SMD=0.60), gait ability (SMD=-0.93), muscle endurance of lower body (SMD=-0.79), muscle endurance of upper body (SMD=-0.79), strength of lower body (SMD= -1.02), and strength of upper body (SMD=-0.39). No statistical differences were observed in fat-free mass, waist-hip ratio, dynamic balance, flexibility of the upper body, and power. Conclusion Overall, the findings of this meta-analysis support that Taekwondo can have a positive impact on the physical fitness in adults older than 50. In order to validate the current findings, future research should focus on well-designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and implement Taekwondo intervention studies at multiple levels taking into account the limitations discussed.

Abstract

Purpose This systematic review and meta-analysis study aimed to assess the effect of Taekwondo training on improving physical fitness in adults older than 50. Methods We used the electronic databases including PubMed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, RISS, NDSL, and KISS, between January 1967 and March 2020 using the keywords “Taekwondo” AND “physical fitness” in Korean or English. The effect size using standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals was calculated for these variables to make comparisons between studies. Results Thirty-one studies were included in the final meta-analysis. Significant positive effects of Taekwondo training were found on body fat (SMD=0.43), body mass index (SMD=0.21), body weight (SMD=0.30), static balance (SMD=-0.79), flexibility of lower body (SMD=-0.40), aerobic capacity (SMD=-0.47), agility (SMD=0.60), gait ability (SMD=-0.93), muscle endurance of lower body (SMD=-0.79), muscle endurance of upper body (SMD=-0.79), strength of lower body (SMD= -1.02), and strength of upper body (SMD=-0.39). No statistical differences were observed in fat-free mass, waist-hip ratio, dynamic balance, flexibility of the upper body, and power. Conclusion Overall, the findings of this meta-analysis support that Taekwondo can have a positive impact on the physical fitness in adults older than 50. In order to validate the current findings, future research should focus on well-designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and implement Taekwondo intervention studies at multiple levels taking into account the limitations discussed.

참고문헌 (50)

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