조선후기의 대화구성법 시조 -『남훈태평가』가집을 중심으로 -

Abstract

Late Joseon is a period of poetical and prosaic literature genres transformation and formation of new tendencieswithin traditional genres framework.. At the same time it became the time of poetical anthologies dissemination aiming at preserving the tradition.『Namhun Taepyeong-ga』anthology (1863) which was popular among wide readers population serves a bright example of this processes. It was republished in Korea several times in the middle of the 19thcent. and in the beginning of the 20th century when it attracted attention of westerners as a representative anthology of the time. For instance, a part of the text from『NT』in 『Description of Korea』published by Russian Ministry of Finance in 1900 is used for illustrating traditional Korean poetry. One of the『NT』variants is preserved at the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, Russian Academy of Sciences. (Saint Petersburg, Russia) as a part of a British consul in Korea W.G. Aston’s collection. This『NT』edition will be used for this paper. Most of the texts in『NT』- an anthology which was edited for commercial purpose - are the most popular texts of the period, and the large number of them is ‘dialogical form’sijo by unknown authors. They may be grouped as follows according to the character a narrator addresses: a dialogue with a professional sphere representative (a fisherman, a wood-cutter, a hunter), dialogue with a bird, dialogue with a ‘donja’/an ‘ahi’(terms are explained in the text). In each group we may find a transformation of traditional description of the mentioned characters. Thus, professionals that traditionally represented profane world who do not understanding real values and can make harm are depicted as informed and ‘getting to the point’. The bird images differ with that of a formed tradition and their relation with traditional symbolic meaning is not obviously traced. As for the images of a ‘donja’/an ‘ahi’ that traditionally were differentiated as a servant and an immortal youngster are ‘mixed’ in this group of the texts. All of the analyzed texts have a similar structure: a narrator addresses hiscounter-part with a question or a request and receives an answer. A counter-part is not one of people the narrator is acquainted with or a person of a certain name or status, but a narrator talks to any representative of a group: professional group, birds or immortals. It is their function that is important for a narrator. This function related to tradition but is somewhat changed. All of the above may be explained by the influence of such aspect as sijo dissemination among ordinary people (as readers as well as authors). Ordinary people become characters in sijo. The depicted images tend to be used not through their original symbolic meaning but in an every-day setting. All of the viewed texts are by an unknown author and of an unknown time, but they belong to late Joseon culture.『NT』is an anthology which gained its popularity in the 19thcentury and shows the tastes of readers of that time. A suggestion may be made that the dialogical form itself is a result of sijo literature entering every-day life of ordinary people. The above-mentioned changes show the new tendencies in the sijo genre frame-work andturn out to be a part of general process of Korean literature transformation that the period of Late Joseon was marked by.