6․25전쟁시 날씨와 전투사례와의 연계성 연구

Abstract

Military forces, weapons, strategies, tactics, and generalships are the factors that decide the outcome of wars and they apply to not only ancient wars but also modern warfare. However, weather has always been one of the most important factors. The 6․25(Korean War) which was provoked by North Korea 60 years ago was significantly affected by weather in many battles. Korea has very unique weather conditions. It has a rainy season called Jang-ma and 70% of the country is mountainous. The land is inclined and the east is much higher than the west which leads to rivers flowing rapidly along the steep inclines. Korea peninsula is surrounded by three seas, the East Sea, the West Sea, and the South Sea, and it causes extreme changes in the weather. Also, abnormal changes of weather frequently occur. These explain why it was the weather that decided the outcome of Korean War. This report is intended to consider how to deal with weather in the future wars examining the weather factors which determined victory or defeat in the battles of Korean War. In this report, the effect of weather factors by which the outcomes of the 7 battles were decided will be analyzed for the future wars. There are several weather factors classified in this report such as precipitation and poor visibility(Battle of Miari and Battle of Punch Bowl), hot weather(Operation Kean), tides and typhoons(Battle of Incheon), the cold(Battle of Chosin Reservoir and Battle of Nambugun), and abnormal changes of weather(Operation Kean). It is described that what weather factors affected the battles and how these weather factors affected the battles or combat training. Military operations are significantly affected by weather. Therefore, if you make good use of weather information, you can manage military forces cost-effectively and conduct military training efficiently in peace time. You can also secure victory by using weather information during the war. As state-of-the-art weaponry improves, it is important that we maximize efficiency of advanced equipment and change our perception to weather which affects high tech weapons system. For this reason, this report suggests how the army should respond to weather changes.