6.25전쟁 용문산 전투에 대한 전투사적 고찰

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factor of defeat of Chinese troops in Yongmunsan battle in the Korean War. Existing studies have explained the factors of the ROK's victory in Yongmunsan as indomitable mentality or decisive spirit from the point of the ROK rather than focusing on the battle itself. At this point, the combative analysis of their defeat factors from the Chinese army's point of view is meaningful in that we could evaluate the battle more objectively. This study suggests the following factors to defeat the Chinese army. First, preparatory fire was insufficient. The damage of the ROK troops was very small, which had a negative impact on ensuring the survivability and advancement of Chinese troops during the initial battle. Second, there was no active reconnaissance activity. The Chinese reconnaissance activities were merely surveillance of the connection point of river, and were only one reconnaissance fire attack during the battle. Third, the level of combat power was insufficient. The sudden initiation of the offensive in May greatly increased the operational range of the Western Axis Corps 19th, and increased the combat load of the 63rd Army. The lack of combat equipment and subsequent tactical errors caused the level of combat power to drop dramatically. Fourth, the opportunity to expose the east side of the ROK in the battle did not lead to victory. The sudden withdrawal of the border units of the US 7th Division provided an opportunity for two regiments of Chinese troops to flow to the side. However, the Chinese military did not continue to break quickly, delayed time and lost the opportunity.