요한계시록 12장에 나타난 ‘여자-뱀 후손 간의 대결 구도 모티프’연구
“Woman's offspring” as the Church in Revelation 12
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그 동안 요한계시록 12장을 전쟁 신화의 관점에서 해석하려는 경향이 강했다. 본 연구는 신화적 해석의 한계를 극복하고 요한이 왜두 후손 간의 대결 구도 모티프를 사용하고 있는가를 밝히는데 목적이 있다. 요한계시록 12:9는 여자의 후손인 메시아가 뱀의 후손인사탄을 치고 승리했음을 선언함으로써 창세기 3:15의 성취를 보여준다. 이 승리는 예수 그리스도의 십자가와 부활을 통해서 이루어졌지만(계 12:10) 지상에 있는 교회 공동체는 여전히 사탄을 대항하여아직 끝나지 않은 전쟁을 해야만 한다(계 12:13-17). 따라서 ‘여자의후손’은 메시아 개인과 아울러 교회 공동체를 가리킨다. 요한은 여자의 후손을 메시아와 하나님의 백성으로 보는 구약과 초기 유대교 문헌의 전통을 따름으로써 거룩한 전쟁을 기독론적 관점에서 그리고교회론적 관점에서 이해한다. 그리하여 당시 황제 숭배로 인한 핍박과 순교 가운데 있는 교회 공동체의 상황을 창세기 3장의 렌즈로 새롭게 해석했다. 두 후손 간 대결 구도 모티프는 요한계시록 12장을이루는 전쟁신학의 뼈대에 해당한다.
Abstract
Revelation 12 has often been interpreted from a mythological perspective. This paper aims to overcome the limitations of mythical interpretations by using Genesis 3:15 as the backdrop of cosmic battle motif. “The woman's offspring” was taken to mean not only representing the Messiah but also God’s people in the Old Testament and early Jewish literature. On the one level the woman’s descendant in Genesis 3:15 refers to the Messiah who defeated and triumphed over the serpent’s descendant, Satan (Rev 12:9). This triumph was accomplished through the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus Christ (Rev 12:11) and the church are invited to participate in it. In addition to the christological perspective, an ecclesiastical perspective is required to understand the spiritual warfare between the church community and Satan. In the midst of the crisis of persecution caused by the Roman imperial power, John used Genesis 3 to encourage the church to be confident and not capitulate to the emperor worship.
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