존 로스의 고유명사 음역원칙:『예수셩교 누가복음젼셔』와『예수셩교젼셔』의 누가복음을 중심으로

Abstract

How to transliterate or transcribe proper nouns in the Bible is still an important issue in Korea because they differently appear among translations. So it would be very important to know what sort of transliteration or transcription history the Korean church has. In this sense, Yesu Syonggyo Nugabogum Chyonsyo (1882) and Yesu Syonggyo Chyonsyo (1887) translated by John Ross must be a good starting point in order to research the proper noun transcription history of the Bibles translated into Korean. Ross published the first Korean Bible, Yesu Syonggyo Nugabogum Chyonsyo (the gospel of Luke), and the first Korean New Testament, Yesu Syonggyo Chyonsyo, with the support of England Bible Society. He thought the proper noun transcriptions of the contemporary Chinese Bible had not been proper. To him, Korean is a very good language to transcribe both Hebrew and Greek proper nouns. So he made a peculiar proper noun transcription system for the Korean Bibles. This study shows what kind of principles he had in order to transcribe the proper nouns in the gospel of Luke, all of which are counted as 161. He mainly considered both the original pronunciation of the Greek words and the Korean people’s pronouncing capacity. Consequently, first of all,most of consonants and vowels were almost perfectly consistently transcribed except ‘sigma’and ‘tau’, ‘epsilon’and ‘eta’. Secondly, on account of Korean pronunciation characteristics, a vowel was often added to a consonant,and pronunciations such as l, f, and c difficult for Koreans to pronounce were replaced by other pronunciations. Thirdly, Ross was likely to transcribe some Hebrew and Aramaic words frequently used (e.g. Abraham) directly into Korean from Hebrew and Aramaic, not via Greek. Fourthly, we can find that apocopation used in the English Bibles was applied to the proper noun transcription in Ross’ Luke. Lastly, we can also say that Ross considered the context in the text to transcribe proper nouns. Therefore, this study suggests that Ross’proper noun transcription system is still important to establish a Korean proper noun system for new translations.