고유명사 음역 삼파전- 로스와 이수정과 언더우드(아펜젤러)의 마가복음을 중심으로 -

Abstract

How to transliterate or transcribe proper nouns in the Bible is still an important issue in Korea because they appear differently among translations. The difference between translations seems to have started in 1887. At that time there were three sorts of the Gospel of Mark, viz. Yesu Syonggyo Chyonsyo (1887) by J. Ross, Magaui Jeonhan Bogeumseo-eonhae (1885) by Rijutei, and Magaui Jeonhan Bogeumseo-eonhae (1887) by H. G. Underwood and H. G. Appenzeller. John Ross translated the New Testament into Korean after learning enough Chinese and Korean, and he transliterated the Greek proper nouns in consideration of Korean pronunciation as well as Greek pronunciation. Furthermore, he considered the Korean people's pronouncing capacity. His usage of proper nouns shows that he has a consistent system for proper noun transliteration: (1) most of the consonants and vowels were almost perfectly and consistently transcribed; (2) on account of the Korean pronunciation characteristics, a vowel was often added to a consonant, and pronunciations such as l, f, and c which were difficult for Koreans to pronounce were replaced by other pronunciations; (3) Ross was likely to transcribe some of the frequently used Hebrew and Aramaic words (e.g. Jerusalem) directly into Korean from Hebrew and Aramaic, not via Greek; (4) apocopation used in the English Bibles was applied to Ross’ Luke; (5) Ross considered the context in the text to transcribe proper nouns. Up to now, it has been thought that Rijutei transliterated Greek proper nouns on the basis of the original pronunciation. However, this study shows that English pronunciation influenced on his transliteration, and that many errors are found in his transliteration, and moreover, that Underwood and Appenzeller’s transliteration is not good enough in comparison with Ross’s. They followed Ross' proper noun transliteration principles in correcting Rijutei’s Mark. Nonetheless, they did not use the same proper noun transliteration as Ross’s. Maybe their eagerness for having a Korean Bible of which they have the copyright caused themselves to take a different system of Greek proper noun transliteration.