수혈유구의 조사와 분석 방법 -연기 월산리 황골유적 저장수혈을 중심으로-

Abstract

A considerable number of pit features have been discovered at various sites spanning all periods. However, systematic studies have yet to be conducted, including studies on methods of archaeological excavation. Thus, this study presents an examination of the pit remains from the Hwanggol site in Wolsan-ri, which date from the Proto-Three Kingdoms to Baekje period and were excavated by the Korean Institute for Archaeology and Environment in 2009-2010. It also examines diverse analysis methods. The positive aspects of the current methods most commonly used, namely the half earth removal method and the 1-ja embankment earth removal method, are that they cut down on investigation time and prevent the collapse of the pits. However, their limitations are that they simply analyze the soil stratigraphy of the pit features. Thus, this study examined the strengths and weaknesses of the 1-ja pit earth removal method, the cross embankment earth removal method, the four-division earth removal method and other methods. The appropriate application of these methods were deemed to be determined by the nature of the investigation method adopted for the site. It was also suggested that, when analyzing stratal patterns, it is useful to use photos of earth layer sections created through mixture and extraction using the PhotoShop's Photomerge function. Various methods of analysing the alluvial soil found within pit remains, which have not been readily been studied thus far, were examined. More objective data on the sedimentary process and the characteristics and functions of the pit remains were obtained through the analysis of pollen and organic content, the analysis of the chemical components of soil samples, the analysis of plants and plant opal (phytoliths), and the use of the flotation and selection method. Also, regarding pit features which had already been excavated, their temperature and humidity were checked, a storage experiment was conducted, and the process of abandonment was observed. The haracteristics and functions of the pits were thus analyzed. Through these experiments, it was confirmed that the pit features would have sufficiently served as storage pits. Since pit features are important archaeological remains which reflect the social, economic and other patterns of past people, such analysis and experimental archaeology should further conducted. In addition, systematic studies should be performed on the basis of the accumulated data.