법원의 온라인분쟁해결(ODR) 도입 가능성에 대한 연구: 사법접근권의 관점에서
Access to Justice and Information and Communication Technologies: The Possibility of Introducing Court-Integrated Online Dispute Resolution in Korea
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The ongoing global pandemic of COVID-19 gives rise to a ‘new normal’: One of the phenomena may be expanded online services provided by both public and private sectors. The Supreme Court of Korea, which has navigated a way to promote Access to Justice, may consider the introduction of court-integrated online dispute resolution(ODR) with the demand of a new normal. Despite a survey presented that Korea ranked the first in terms of smartphone ownership and internet usage in 2018, the Supreme Court of Korea has cautiously considered the usage of Information and Communication Technologies in its proceedings. It integrates the benefits of technologies in a limited way, including electronic filing, electronic service, and digitalized case management system. Despite of its conservative nature, the Courts around the world gradually embrace technologies in their proceedings, expanding Access to Justice. This research examined the court-connected ODR of the U.S., the public ODR of Canada, and the Internet Court of China for the comparative study: Specifically, the comparative study focused on their goals, jurisdiction, procedure, and implications of the court-connected ODR of Michigan state courts, Ohio state courts, and Texas state courts of the U.S.; the Civil Resolution Tribunal of the Ministry of Justice of British Columbia, Canada; and the Hangzhou Internet Court, China. The implications suggest the court-integrated or court-connected ODR should be carefully designed for its procedural fairness, efficiency, transparency, and impartiality. Certainly, the introduction of court-integrated ODR in Korea means tremendous works, including the establishment of the stabled and secured online platform, the amendment of procedural rules, and even the enactment of new legislation. Nonetheless, as the comparative study implied, the court-integrated ODR would promote Access to Justice, especially for small claims.
Abstract
The ongoing global pandemic of COVID-19 gives rise to a ‘new normal’: One of the phenomena may be expanded online services provided by both public and private sectors. The Supreme Court of Korea, which has navigated a way to promote Access to Justice, may consider the introduction of court-integrated online dispute resolution(ODR) with the demand of a new normal. Despite a survey presented that Korea ranked the first in terms of smartphone ownership and internet usage in 2018, the Supreme Court of Korea has cautiously considered the usage of Information and Communication Technologies in its proceedings. It integrates the benefits of technologies in a limited way, including electronic filing, electronic service, and digitalized case management system. Despite of its conservative nature, the Courts around the world gradually embrace technologies in their proceedings, expanding Access to Justice. This research examined the court-connected ODR of the U.S., the public ODR of Canada, and the Internet Court of China for the comparative study: Specifically, the comparative study focused on their goals, jurisdiction, procedure, and implications of the court-connected ODR of Michigan state courts, Ohio state courts, and Texas state courts of the U.S.; the Civil Resolution Tribunal of the Ministry of Justice of British Columbia, Canada; and the Hangzhou Internet Court, China. The implications suggest the court-integrated or court-connected ODR should be carefully designed for its procedural fairness, efficiency, transparency, and impartiality. Certainly, the introduction of court-integrated ODR in Korea means tremendous works, including the establishment of the stabled and secured online platform, the amendment of procedural rules, and even the enactment of new legislation. Nonetheless, as the comparative study implied, the court-integrated ODR would promote Access to Justice, especially for small claims.
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