접근금지명령 이행과 피해자 보호: 가해자 GPS 위치추적 도입 논의를 위한 시론
No-contact Order and Protection of Victims: Improving Victim Safety with GPS Monitoring System
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초록
가정폭력 등 친밀한 관계에서의 폭력 피해자는 가해자로부터 분리되어 안전을 도모하는 것이 쉽지 않다. 다른 범죄와 달리 가해자가 피해자의 신상정보 등을 자세히 알고 있다는 특수성 때문이다. 이런 점에서 법원의 접근금지명령은 피해자 안전을 확보할 수 있는 중요한 수단이다. 그러나 접근금지명령 위반에 대한 벌칙 규정은 있지만, 접근금지명령 준수 여부를 확인할 수 있는 감시체제는 존재하지 않는다. 최근 발생한 일련의 비극적인 사건들 모두, 피해자가 가해자를 대면하지 않을 수 있었다면 피할 수 있었던 참극이라는 점에서 접근금지명령의 준수는 매우 중요하다. 이미 미국 등에서는 불구속 재판, 접근금지명령 위반, 또는 접근금지명령 부과 시, 가해자에 대한 GPS 모니터링 제도를 시행하고 있고, 이러한 제도가 피해자의 안전 확보에 기여하는 것으로 확인되었다. 가정폭력 등에 따른 접근금지명령 조치가 피해자를 보호하지 못하는 한계를 극복하기 위해 우리나라에도 가해자 GPS 모니터링 제도를 도입하는 방안을 검토해 볼 필요가 있다.
Abstract
Intimacy is a critical factor in understanding intimate partner violence. Given the fact that the perpetrator of intimate partner violence knows all about the victim including usual daily routine and family, it is significantly difficult for victims to seek their own safety by simply separating from their abusers. In this respect, no-contact order is an important legal tool for protecting victims’safety and should be taken seriously. However, there is no monitoring system in regards to identifying whether the abuser obeys the no-contact order or not in South Korea. It means that victims should be aware of their re-victimization despite the no-contact order issued by the court. After several tragedies happened in recent years, it is agreed upon that enforcing no-contact order should be made to protect victims. This research explores the ways in which Global Positioning System technology is effective and necessary for protecting victims of domestic violence. In the U.S., some states use GPS surveillance to combat domestic violence. Also, relevant researches confirm that the monitoring service is effective in preventing the risk of repeat intimate partner violence. Based on these grounds, it suggests that GPS monitoring or supervision will be considered as a rational legal service to protect victims of intimate partner violence.
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