미국 대학에서 학외자 관리 체계의 발전과 대학의 자치
A Study on the Lay Government and the Self-Governance in the American Universities
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Today, almost all countries in the world try to reform their higher education system. The goal is to have highly competitive universities for the future of the countries. Many countries actually frame a common plan to reach that goal: setting a model after the universities of the U.S. Korea also efforts to reform its higher education system, and sets a scheme after the American universities. Some university-related people in Korea even urge that it is better for the Korean private universities to reform the university government system like the American universities' board system. Thus the author tries to look into the so-called lay government system. Most American universities are ruled by their board of trustees. The boards are regularly composed of "layperson." Some university-related people in Korea think that the layperson can administer the universities socially effectively, and therefore protect the universities from the unnecessary intervention from the various social powers. According to the history of the American universities, however, the lay government system was designed to make it easy to intervene and control the universities by the social powers. Under the system, therefore, it is relatively hard for the universities to keep the self-governance. Notwithstanding the problem, however, people in the U.S. generally believe that the lay government system is not directly against the universities' self-governance. The reason is that, from the experience, the universities and the American society have made a compromise over the academic self-governance. People inside somehow recognize that the universities can be under the influence of the society as a part of social structure. Meanwhile, people outside respect the trait of academy and secure the academic freedom. On the basis of the compromise, the American universities and the American society have continually operated the lay government system. In sum, the lay government system is based on the history and the social consent of the U.S. At present, the author is not sure whether Korea has such a kind of historical background and the social consent to just welcome the lay government system to the Korean universities.
Abstract
Today, almost all countries in the world try to reform their higher education system. The goal is to have highly competitive universities for the future of the countries. Many countries actually frame a common plan to reach that goal: setting a model after the universities of the U.S. Korea also efforts to reform its higher education system, and sets a scheme after the American universities. Some university-related people in Korea even urge that it is better for the Korean private universities to reform the university government system like the American universities' board system. Thus the author tries to look into the so-called lay government system. Most American universities are ruled by their board of trustees. The boards are regularly composed of "layperson." Some university-related people in Korea think that the layperson can administer the universities socially effectively, and therefore protect the universities from the unnecessary intervention from the various social powers. According to the history of the American universities, however, the lay government system was designed to make it easy to intervene and control the universities by the social powers. Under the system, therefore, it is relatively hard for the universities to keep the self-governance. Notwithstanding the problem, however, people in the U.S. generally believe that the lay government system is not directly against the universities' self-governance. The reason is that, from the experience, the universities and the American society have made a compromise over the academic self-governance. People inside somehow recognize that the universities can be under the influence of the society as a part of social structure. Meanwhile, people outside respect the trait of academy and secure the academic freedom. On the basis of the compromise, the American universities and the American society have continually operated the lay government system. In sum, the lay government system is based on the history and the social consent of the U.S. At present, the author is not sure whether Korea has such a kind of historical background and the social consent to just welcome the lay government system to the Korean universities.
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